Luận văn Nghiên cứu cài đặt một hệ thống thông tin địa lý phục vụ công tác địa chính

Chu"d!l,V5 CA.ID! T THU NGHItM H£ THONG THONG TIN BfA LYPHVC Vt) CONGTAC DJACHINH 5.1:aIDI THIED. H~ th6ngthong tin dia 19(GIS) nay d1idu<;1ccai d~tva dang ch~ythll' nghi~mt~iSd E>iaChinhTinh Kien Giang.Buocd~uapd1;lngvoi s6li~u th1;icte' d1ithudu<;1cke'tquakhaquantrongcongtacdiachinh. H~ th6ngdu<;1cdli d~t chia lam hai phanh~:phanh~quan19ban d6 dia chinhva phanh~quan19h6 sddiachinh. .~.~.l~.J..L~~J.u1.!;...~.£~N.~.J~~~J..A...r..HA.N...U.£.._Q.EJ..~...L.t..~l~.N.J!..6...J.~I-.1! ~J.i!S.~t~ . T1;idQngtIm16i,sll'a16i,lams~chso'li~u,chuffnhoacacd6i tU<;1ngd6 hQa,dechuffnbi chov~cxay d1;ingtopology,t~onenband6diachinh. . N~nband6 (ne'unh~pcacban d6 d1idu<;1ct~okhongcling trenmQth~ th6ngtQadQ). .. . T~oTopologydexayd1;ingthongtinv€ quanh~khonggiancuacacd6i tu'<;1ngtrenband6,la cdsdcuavi~ct~oracacthll'atrenband6diachinh. e T~obandbiliachinhtHban0&g6c,[<;10!<hungchoband6djachinh. . E>anhso'thuavatinhdi~nticht1!dQngcuacacthua. . . T~oband6chud€ tUcacvlings6li~utrongCSDLh6sddiachinh. . Va"ndapcacthongtinquaband6ho~cthuQctinh. . E>~tcaclo~inh1inthll'atUcacviings6li~utrongCSDLh6sddiachinh. . Cac chucnangxu 19lien ke'tdii'li~ugiii'aCSDL band6 diachi~ va CSDL h6 sddiachinh.. .. . T~oh6 sd ky thu~tthua,trich11;lcua thll'a,gia'ychungnh~nquy€n sll' d1;lng . ~.~J...~.g.L.~!:!.Jl~-~.~~l'I.!!...{~.!1.£~.J~1~!1NlIt QJI IN ~t_.H.~~.~_I!k\._(:"UjJ~II!. . Ke'tn6ithongtinvoiCSDL band6diachinh. . Xu 19thongtinthuQctinhchotUngthuada"t. . Th1;ichi~ndangk9chusll'd1;lngchocacthuada"t. . Theod6iqua¥tnhbie'ndQngcuacacthuadat. . Th6ngke da"tdai theocacchi tieD. . In racaclo~is5sach,m§ubienv€ quan19da"tdai. Trang96 5.2:SODO2UI TRiNH XU Lt. BAN DO DJA HlNH TAO TU CACPHAM MEM KHAc T~O MOl BAN DO DJA CHlNH TU MICROSTATION - s6 bOatii'bansabOa. - sa bOaquaanhquet. I PHAN~ HOSODIACHfNHI I " A I BO SUNGTHONG TIN THUOCTfNH BANDAU. PHAN ~ BAN DO DIA CHfNH ..-.. Dung TI1DONGTIM VA SUA CAC.. " LOI D'ANG KY CHU SU DQNG DA T. SUA LOI THEO CO DANH DAU TIM KIEM, H$U CHiNH. T~O TOPOLOGY - T~ovUng. - Danhs6thti'a~ dQng. - Tinbdi~ntich,chuvi. CHUYEN QUYEN SU DVNG DA T. HIEU CHiNH THUOC TlNH . BANDAU' KETNOIGIDACSDL BAN DO DIA CHlNH V A CSDL HO Sd DTA CHlNH CHUYEN MUC DICH. .,.! su DQNGDAT. VE NHAN THUA TU THONG TIN THUQC TlNH GQP THUA. T~OHO SdTHUADAT -H6sdkythu~t. - Trichl~c. - Gia'ychungnMn. TAcH THUA. .;}\ T~O BAN DO CHU DE TU THONG TIN THUQC TlNH BAo CAD VA sO Sf,.CH DTA CHlNH. Hinh5-1:sd BOQUITRINHxii LY CUAGISPffiJCVV CONGTAc BJA CHfNH. Trang97 5.3:PHAN HE QUAN Lt BAN DO DfA CHfNH. .~.~.~.~1!..~lf!.!_T..R.!l(!N.~~ Moi Wongd6hQasitdl;mg1amoiWongMicroStationcuacongtyBenley. Ngon nguduQcdungd€ phclttri€n cacchilcnangcuaphanht$nay1aMDL (MicrostationDevelopmentLanguage).MD~ sit dvngngonngu l~ptrlnhC chufin.Tit ca chudngtrlnhngu6nC dSuco gia t:ritrongMDL. Ngoaira MDL clingcip themmQtthuvit$ncachamb5 sungchothuvi~nhamcuaC. Cac chudngtrlnhngu6nvie"tb~ngMDL duQcbiendichracact~ptinapdvng(.ma) thihanhtrongmoiWongd6hQaMicroStation. A 1< ~ w , 5..~.;~.~.~.L. ~H).T... 5 ~J..(:.J II 1.!.~..]XA N !!_.~~.H!NJ L. '>;:: , 5.3.2.1:CHON BAN DO 1-)11\CHINH. M6i band6diachlnhduQcdanhs6thilh;ltheoddnvi hanhchlnhcuano la xa, va chithuQcmQtddnvi hanhchinhxa duynhit.M6i ddnvi hanhchlnhxa duQcchiathanhnhiSuband6diachlnh.ChilcnangnaychophepchQnmQtban d6diachinh,theoddnvi hanhchlnhxacuano (danhmvccacddnvi hanhchinh duQcxaydlfngvac~pnh~tUphanht$h6sddiachinh). Hinh5-2:HQPtho~ichQnband6diachlnh. Trang98 5.3.2.2:111DONG1iM vA SUALeU. Cac phu'dngphaps6hoaband6 theokhuond;~mgvectornhu':s6hoaband6 gia"ytUbans6hoa(digitizer),s6hoatUanhratersankhi du'Qcquetvaoquamay quet(scanner),...d~uphatsinhra s61u'Qngdiem,do<;lnth~ngnhi~uhdns61u'Qng cffn thie't,ciing nhu'con nhi~u16iphai sU'atrttackhi co the xay d\!,ngtopology. Chung lam ch~mmQiquatrInhxU'1y,giamt6c dQbien thj ban d6, tangdung 1u'QngbQnhade 100trU,va co the t<;lOra cac16ikhi xay d\!,ngtopologychocac d6i tu'Qngvilng,...VI v~ychilcDangnay ra"tquaDtrQngva ra"tcffnthie'tde lO<;libo cac thongtin du'thuava lam s<;lchs6 li<$ucuacackh6i dli li<$usankhi s6 hoa 0 d<;lngsdkhai.ChilcDangco thethvchi<$ncaccongv<$clams<;lchduli<$usan: . Chu§'nhoadem6iphffnttYd6hQatrongfile DGN th\!'cs\!'1amQtxau. Th\!,chi<$nepph~ng(planarenforcement). Hi<$uchinhgiaodiemvu'Qt(over-shooting). Hi<$uchinhgiaodiemh\lt (under-shooting). Xoa bo cacdiemhaydu'ongtrUngMall. Lo<;libo diemdu'thua,d6i tu'Qngdu'thua. . . . . . Hlnh 5-3:Tv dQngtlmva sll'a16icuaband6. .. Trang99 Truockhi tht;tchic$ntlmva slia16ichungtac§nphiHkhaibaacacthams6 slia16itheohQptho~isan: Hlnh 5-4:HQPthoC}ikhaibaathams6sual~i. Bay la chilcDangtlmva suanhiSuloC}il6i khacnhau,ngu'oidungsechQn caclo~il6i c§ntlmva tt,tdQngsua,ho~ctlmva danhda'uvi tri sai.Sandayla mQtvaidh~m otacachdungchilcDangnay: . File band6DON du'9cchiathanh63lop (level),taco thechQncac'lOp chilanhungd6itu'9ngc§nsua16ib~ngcachVaGdungsaicholopc§nxli ly. Lop naGcodungsaiamla khongxu ly. Caclopkhacnhaucotheco dungsaikhacnhau.Cacd6itu'9ngtrennhunglopkhacnhaucothexu ly riengbic$t,nhu'caclopband6dQcl~p(khitachQncheckbox:[x]Tung level),ho~ccothexu ly coinhu'cuachungmQtlopband6(khitakhong chQncheckbox:[ ] Tunglevel). . Cacd6itu'9ngtrtingnhausedu'9cxoabot.Cachxacdinhtrtingnhautheo haiphu'dngphapIt;tachQn:Thil nha'tla trtingtheovi tn, tilc la chi xet thongtinvi tri cuacacph§ntIT.Thli hai la trtingtheothuQctinh,tilc la vitatrtingtheovi trivuatrtingtheothongtinthuQctinhcuacacph§ntIT. . Khi chQncheckbox: [x] Sua16iOver-shootsva Under-Shoots:thlcac giaodiemvU9tvagiaodiemhl;ltcodQhdnhahdndungsaisedu'9cdong Trang100 kin. NguQcl~ine'udQha Ion hdndungsai, thl cacdguroutt1;ldo co the chod~tmQtco de danhda'u(co la mQtky t1;l,d~tt~imQtlop mych<;m). . Khi ch<;mcheckbox:[x]Be caclinest~ogiaodiemcuachung:nghiala ta chQnt1;ldQngepphAng.Ne'ukhongmu6nth\!'chi~nep phAngthltaco the chod~tmQtco dedanhda'uch6c~tnhaucuacaclines. . Khi chQncheckbox:[x]Xoa cacphgnhi'nhohdndungsai:nghiala ta chQnxoacaclinescokichthuocbehdndungsainhanvoiH~s6Dangle. Ne'ukhongmu6nth\!'chi~nxoacacphgnhi'naythltacothechod~tmQt codedanhda'uchung. . H~s6Filter,duQcdungde.xacdinhcacdiemduthuacgnlo~ibooMQt diemladuthuane'ukhoangcachtITnoWido~nn6ihaidiemhaibellno, nhohdndungsainhanvoiH~s6Filter. :! -----------... \ A />\ . /\ :; .. ..;;.;.;.;.;.;.; ;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.:.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.: ., Hlnh5-5:Ke'tquasailkhith\!,chi~nOmvasib 16icuaband6hlnh5-3. !IIII :;:"::,,,. ~11! @j: i~it : :li::: iN; It; m:! ~IIi ::::::::: t!!!~;:.:.:.;.. ::,:::: if !I' I~i: .: ? ~ 5.3.2.3:NAN BAN DO. Chlicnangdungden~n,chuyencacd6i tUQngband6tITmQth~th6ngtQa dQkhacsangh~th6ngtQadQcuafile band6hi~nt~ithongquacacphepn~n Projectivevoi cace(tpdiemtQadQkh6ngche'.Haymafileband6chliacacd6i tUQngcgnn~nthanhfile thamkhaocuafileband6hi~nt~i.Ch<?nb6nc~pdiem tUdnglinggiuafile thamchie'uva file band6hi~nt~i.N€u chicgnchuyenmQt vungchITkhongphai toanbQban d6 hay dungfencede do la'yvungcgn Trang101 chuySn.Sando th1!chi~nnAnband6 thlcacd6i tu'9ngsedU9CnAnva d~atITfile thamchienvaofile band6hi~ntC;li. Hinh 5-6:HQPthoC;linAnband6. ?;: , 5.3.2.4:'£1\0KHUNG BAN DO DIA CHINH. Chilcnangd~tmQtkhungband6 diachlnhtheom§uquictinh,lenband6 g6cdS xacdinhband6diachinh.Khi chQnmQtdiSmba:tky trenband6 g6c chilcnangt:1!dQngxacdinhdU9CtQadQkhungcuamanhband6diachlnhchila diSmdo,d1!atrencacthamso'ti l~,phudngphapva nguyentAcchiamanhqui dinhtrongquiphC;lm. ,,' Hinh 5-7:HQPthoC;litC;lokhungband6dia..chinh. Trang102 5.3.2.5:xAY DUNGTOPOLOGY. Bay la chucnangquantrQngnha"ttrongvi~cxaydt;ingband6diachlnh.N6 thvchi~nvadambaathvchi~ndungvi~ct:;\onencacthuatitcacc:;\nhthuada c6.Kay dljngtopologyladffuvaochocacchucnangkhacnhu:tt;idQngtinhdi~n tich,tt;idQngdanhs6thua,ke'tn6ivoiCSDL h6sddiachinh,t:;\oh6sdthua,t:;\o band6chude,venhanthua,... Hinh5-8:Kay dt;ingtopologychoband6diachinh. CacdiSmcffnchuykhithvchi~nchucnangnay: Cac d6i tu'Qngthamgia xaydt;ingtopologyc6 thSn~mtrenmQtho~c nhieulopmychQn,thongquavi~ckhaibaotrongmvc:Levelt:;\o. C6 thSt:;\otopologychomQtvungcuaband6thongquamQthangrao, baivi~cchQnmvc:DungFence. C6 thStt;idQngdanhs6thuaquavi~cchQnmvc:TV dQngdanhs6thua. S6 thuaduQtdanhtheoquiph:;\mcuaband6diachinh,khaidffutitmQt s6mychQn. M6i thuadu'Qcd~td:;\idi~nbaimQtdiSm(ph~ntITcell)~i tamcuathll'a. MQithaotacd6ivoicacthuasaunaydeuthongquatamthuacuachung. . . . . Trang103 . Vi~cx6awng (chith11chi~nduQckhiband6khongbikh6a)selamcho cacthongtintopologycuaband6bix6aboo Hlnh5-9:Band6diachinhsankhit:;lOtopology. 5.3.2.6:SUA mDOC TINH mUA SAD KID TOPOLOGY. Cac thuQctinhthii'aduQctl!dQngt:;lokhi xayd11ngtopologyg6m:s5thua, di~ntich,chuvi. Vi nhling1;'dod~cbi~tnaod6cacthuQctinhnaydoi khong roanthuqui ph:;lm,vi v~ycgnhi~uchinhchungtntdckhi k6tn5iban d6 vdi CSDL h6sddiachinh.(chisii'aduQckhiband6khongbikh6a). Hlnh5-10:Sii'athuQctinhthii'asankhi t:;lOtopology. Trang104 SankhimQtband6diachinhda:du'Qcxayd1!ngtopologyhoanchinh.Phan h~h6 sddiachinhseth1!chi~ncongvi~ctie'ptheola ke'tri6iband6diachinh nayvdiCSDL h6sddiachinhcuano.TIt phanh~h6sddiachinhnhungthong tin thuQctinhcuacacthtYatrenband6 se du'Qchoanchinhquacacchucnang nhu':b5sungthongtinthuQctlnhband~u,dangky chustYd~ng,...Be'ndayCSDL diachlnhcuaband6nayda:hoanta"t.Cacchucnangsandayse.khaiiliacCSDL diachlnhnaydSth1!chi~ncacyellc~ucuacongtacdiachinh. 5.3.2.7:XEMmuoc TINHTHifA'IHEOBANDO(GRAPIDC). ChucnangnaydungdSxemtoanbQcacthongtinthuQctinhtUCSDL h6sd diachlnhcuatUngthtYab~ngcachchQntamcuathtYatrenband6. (xemtheo graphic). Hinh5-11:XemthongtinthuQctinhcuathtYatheoband6. <;), 5.3.2.8:TIM THUA TREN BAN DO TIlED lHONG TIN TIlUOC TINH. Chucnangnaychophepxacdinhvi tricuamQtthtYatrenband6diachinh, quavi~cclingcgpmQtgiatrithuQctinhnaododStim,ch~nght;ln hu':s6thtYa,... Trang105 Khi tlmtha'ythua,nodu<jcphongtotrongmQtcuas6riengbi~t,d6ngthaito~m bQthongtinthuQctinhconl~icuathitacunhdu<jcxua'tratronghQptho~i. Hinh 5-12:Tim thii'atrenband6 d1;1'atheoghi t:richotru'occuamQtthuQctinh. 5.3.2.9:TAO NIlAN CHOTHirA Tif THONGTIN muoc TINH. .. Day la chilcnangra'tthuagdungbdi VI no t~ora mQtlop thongtin quan trQngchoband6la nhlingnhandeghichu,gicHthichchocacd6itu'<jngd6hQa trenband6.T~imQtthaidiemkhongthebienthita'tcacacthongtinthuQctinh lenband6du<jc,dov~ychilcnangnaychophepchQn11;1'acac.thuQctinhmong mu6nmythaidiemdebienthitrenband6. M6i nhantrenband6 se la mQtd6i tu'<jngTEXT ho~cTEXT NODE ho~c CELL manQidungcuanola nhungthongtinruttrichti'lCSDL h6sddiachinh, vachungdu<jcd~t~imQtlopthongtinmychQnnaodo. Cac diem c~nc11\1ykhi th1;1'chi~nchilc nang nay: . ChQncacthuQctinhlamnhanti'ldanhsachcacthuQctinh,ne'unhang6m mQtthuQctinhthlm6inhanla mQtph~ntUTEXT, ne'unhang6mnhi~u thuQctinhthlm6inhanl~mQtph~ntii'TEXT NODE... Trang106 . Vi trid~tnhandu<jcxacdinhb~ngvi~ckhaibaocackhmlngcachtUtam thlYad€nvi trid~t. . Xacdinhlopndimacacnhandu<jcd~t. Xacdinhmauthehi~ncuanhan. Nhancothecotieudeho~ckhongcotieudechom6ith~Qctinh. Co theve nhantrentoanband6ho~cchi ve trongmQtvungnao do thongquavi~cl~pmQthangrao,bdivi~cchQnFence. Nhanla cacd6i tu'<jngtextdov~yco thexacdinhnhungthuQctinhthe hi~ncuatext,nhu:font,kichthuocchu,... . . . . . Hlnh 5-13:T?o nhanchocacthlYatUthongtinthuQctinh. ~ ~ " " AI' 5.3.2.10:TAO CAC HO Sf; CUA THUA DAT. Bay IachucnanghtdQngt?Oracacbanh6sdcuatUngthlYadffttheonhung m§:uquidinhcuan~~nhdiachinh. Cach6sdnayph\lcV\lchoquatrlnhdangky quyenslYd\lngdfft,d6ngthai clingla nhunggiffyto xacdinhquyenslYd\lngcuanguaichud6ivoi tUngthlYa dfft. Chucnangnayt?Oracaclo?i h6 sdcuam6i thlYadfftbaog6m: Trang107 . H6 sdky thu~tcuathii'a4fft. Trlch h,lccuathii'adfft. Bien banhi~ntr~ngsii'd\lng. Giffychungnh~n. . . . Hinh5-14:HQPtho~it~ocach6 sdcuathii'cida't. CacdiSmhilly khisii'd\lngchucnangnay. XacdinhIo~ih6sdcuathii'acffnt~o. XacdinhtyI~cuabanvethii'ada't(1trenh6sd. Xacdinhcovenhanghichuchi€u daicuacacc~nhthii'ahaythong. Xacdinhcovenhanghichucacthii'aIanc~nhaythong. XacdinhcovenhanIas6thuh!cuacacdinhthii'ahaythong. Co thSt~oh&)~sdchotUngthii'ab~ngvi~cchQnthii'a,ho~ct~oh6sdcho mQtvlingcacthii'ab~ngvi~cI~phangraoquast!xacdinhfence,cfingco thSin rah6sdchota'tcacacthii'atrenband6. . . . . . . Trang108 1:aS~nGQ,(r: & "ft)""~IIIIoa81186: I'J. 1'IUIN8:"'~'J.1!ii;;U1 ~.I:Hr.,\"",1f6lqJ1_.~,":~'X~, 1¥4N:n:.~':!It. '18,1;JIc:H ,.,*tlr.-r o4!ItIIg8)~D,IHQI:~tt...~,~ . 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(thvehi~nkhicosvdiSuehinhtapaeuamQtph~nban'd6). 0 Gilinguyencaethii'adaqueteu,quethemcaethii'amoinSuco.(thve hi~nkhicosvdiSuehinhtapaeuamQtph~nband6). Trang111 Ghi chu:MQtthl1asaukhida:duQcke'tn6igiliaCSDLban d6diachlnhva CSDL h6sddiachinhthltrongphanhc$band6djachlnh,mQithongtinthuQctinh ciiathl1achico thedQCmakhongthesl1ad6i.Chi co thesl1ad6icacthongtin thuQctinhciiathl1atitphanhc$h6sddiachlnh. 5.4.2.3:no SUNGTHONG TIN CHO CAC mirA rvU}IOUItT. Cacthl1adit saukhiqueSt,cffnb6sungthongtinv€ h~~gdit va motathl1a dit, truockhiin raband6diachinh,danhsachthl1adit degoixu6ngcdsothljc hic$nvic$cdangky QSDD. 5.4.2.4:HANGKY OSDHCHOCACTHUA. Bangky QSDDchochiiciiacacthl1adit. 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Xac dinhchusii'd~ngtitdanhm~cchu,ne'uchuchl1ac6trongdanhm~c thlthemchumoivaodanhm~cchu.M6i chucffnxacdinhlo~id6itUQng cuachu,vamachu,machudl1QcxaydvngtVdQngtittenchiinhl1san: 0 Voi d6i tUQngca nhan,hQgiadlnhthlmachudl1Qct~otit tenchu b~ngcachIffychii'cai dffucuaten,ke'tie'pla cac chii'cai dffucuahQ va chii'16t,sancling la sO'thu tV,trQngsO'nhii'ngchuma ma c6 cling phffndffu. 0 Voi d6i tUQngcdquan,t~pth€ th1machudl1Qct~otit tencdquan,t~p th€ b~ngcach,dffutienla da'ucha'm(.),ke'tie'pla cacchii'cai dffucua ten,sanclingla s6thu tV,trongsO'nhii'ngcd quan,t~pth€ mama c6 clingphffnd~u. Xac dinhdi~ntichdl1Qcsii'd~ng(c6th€ nhohdndi~ntichcuathii'a). Xac dinhlo~idffttitdanhm~clo~ida't(xacdinhlo~.ida'tclingla xac dinh m~cdichsii'd~ngcuathii'a). Xac dinh quy€n sii'd~ngtit danhm~cquy€n sii'd~ng(chinhthuc,t~m thai,tranhcha'p,...). Xac dinhthaih~nsii'dl)ng. . . . . Hinh5-19:Themchusii'd~ngmoivaodanhm~c hu. Trang113 ... ,.., A ? 5.4.2.5:TIM KIEM. HIED CHJNH. 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