Kế toán, kiểm toán - Chapter 9: Profit planning and activity - Based budgeting

At Breakers, five pounds of material are required per unit of product. Management wants materials on hand at the end of each month equal to 10% of the following month’s production. On March 31, 13,000 pounds of material are on hand. Material cost $.40 per pound. Let’s prepare the direct materials budget.

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Chapter 9Profit Planning and Activity-Based Budgeting Purposes of Budgeting SystemsBudgeta detailed plan, expressed in quantitative terms, that specifies how resources will be acquired and used during a specified period of time.PlanningFacilitating Communication and CoordinationAllocating ResourcesControlling Profit and OperationsEvaluating Performance and Providing IncentivesTypes of BudgetsDetailBudgetDetailBudgetDetailBudgetMasterBudgetCovering allphases ofa company’soperations.SalesProductionMaterialsBudgeted Income StatementCash BudgetSales of Services or GoodsEndingInventoryBudget Work in Processand FinishedGoodsProductionBudgetDirectMaterialsBudgetSelling andAdministrativeBudgetDirectLabor BudgetOverheadBudgetEndingInventoryBudget Direct MaterialsBudgeted Balance SheetBudgeted Statement of Cash FlowsActivity-Based Costing versus Activity-Based BudgetingResourcesCost objects: products and services produced, and customers served.ActivitiesResourcesForecast of products and services to be produced and customers served.ActivitiesActivity-Based Costing (ABC)Activity-Based Budgeting (ABB)Sales BudgetBreakers, Inc. is preparing budgets for the quarter ending June 30.Budgeted sales for the next five months are:April 20,000 unitsMay 50,000 unitsJune 30,000 unitsJuly 25,000 unitsAugust 15,000 units.The selling price is $10 per unit.Sales BudgetProduction BudgetThe management of Breakers, Inc. wants ending inventory to be equal to 20% of the following month’s budgeted sales in units. On March 31, 4,000 units were on hand. Let’s prepare the production budget.Production BudgetFrom salesbudgetMarch 31ending inventoryEnding inventory becomes beginning inventory the next monthDirect-Material BudgetAt Breakers, five pounds of material are required per unit of product.Management wants materials on hand at the end of each month equal to 10% of the following month’s production.On March 31, 13,000 pounds of material are on hand. Material cost $.40 per pound. Let’s prepare the direct materials budget.Direct-Material BudgetFrom our productionbudget 10% of the following month’s production March 31 inventoryDirect-Material BudgetDirect-Labor BudgetAt Breakers, each unit of product requires 0.1 hours of direct labor.The Company has a “no layoff” policy so all employees will be paid for 40 hours of work each week.In exchange for the “no layoff” policy, workers agreed to a wage rate of $8 per hour regardless of the hours worked (No overtime pay).For the next three months, the direct labor workforce will be paid for a minimum of 3,000 hours per month.Let’s prepare the direct labor budget.Direct-Labor BudgetFrom ourproductionbudgetThis is the greater oflabor hours required orlabor hours guaranteed.Overhead BudgetHere is Breakers’ Overhead Budget for the quarter.

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