Luận văn Ảnh hưởng của xử lý kali sorbate, bao màng, bao gói và nhiệt độ tồn trữ đến khả năng bảo quản quýt đường

Đề tài tiến hành khảo sát sự kết hợp của các phương pháp bảo quản khác nhau như xử lý hóa chất (dung dịch kali sorbate 5%, 46 - 480C), nhằm chống lại các vi sinh vật gây hại bám trên bề mặt quả. Bên cạnh đó để giảm sự mất ẩm và làm tăng giá trị cảm quan, đã tiến hành nhúng quả vào dung dịch chitosan 1%. Để tìm ra loại chitosan tốt cho quá trình bảo quản, đề tài khảo sát hai loại chitosan là chitosan cao phân tử và chitosan phân tử thấp. Ngoài ra, còn kết hợp bao gói nhằm làm giảm sự mất ẩm. Để tăng hiệu quả trong việc tồn trữ, đề tài còn khảo sát khả năng bảo quản ở nhiệt độ thấp. Các mẫu xử lý với kali sorbate làm tổn thương bề mặt nên sự bay hơi nước mạnh, nên hao hụt khối lượng nhiều hơn mẫu không xử lý. Bênh cạnh đó, ở các mẫu không xử lý cũng ít thấy nấm bệnh phát triển. Nên theo kết quả thí nghiệm không cần xử lý hóa chất để diệt nấm trên quýt đường. Các mẫu có bao màng chitosan tốc độ hô hấp giảm, mất ít nước so với với mẫu không bao màng. Các quá trình sinh lý sinh hóa cũng giảm nên duy trì được chất lượng hơn mẫu không bao màng như: hao hụt khối lượng ít, duy trì màu xanh tốt hơn, độ dày vỏ không giảm nên khả năng bảo quản cao hơn, giảm tốc độ hô hấp nên giảm mất vitamin C, bao màng làm tăng tính cảm quan. Các mẫu có bao gói LDPE (có đục lỗ 0,5% ), giảm thiểu sự mất ẩm so với mẫu không bao gói, hạn chế hô hấp, từ đó duy trì chất lượng tốt hơn mẫu không bao gói.

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ts for do day vo by bao goi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95,0 LDPErcent LSD bao goi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 372 1,87023 X 1 357 1,94567 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *0,0754433 0,0514202 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Độ dày vỏ ở nhiệt độ phòng Analysis of Variance for Do day vo - Type III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xu ly 3,45328 3 1,15109 4,93 0,0024 B:bao mang 2,06283 2 1,03142 4,42 0,0129 C:bao goi 20,145 1 20,145 86,33 0,0000 INTERACTIONS AB 4,4229 6 0,73715 3,16 0,0052 AC 1,65665 3 0,552217 2,37 0,0711 BC 0,998542 2 0,499271 2,14 0,1196 ABC 2,99761 6 0,499602 2,14 0,0489 RESIDUAL 65,8057 282 0,233353 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 109,491 305 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang ix Multiple Range Tests for Do day vo by xu ly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95,0 LDPErcent LSD xu ly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 72 1,66042 X 4 84 1,77014 XX 0 72 1,86042 XX 2 78 1,956 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 - 2 -0,0955787 0,155402 0 - 4 0,0902778 0,152715 0 - 6 *0,2 0,158479 2 - 4 *0,185856 0,149518 2 - 6 *0,295579 0,155402 4 - 6 0,109722 0,152715 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for Do day vo by bao mang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95,0 LDPErcent LSD bao mang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 90 1,70035 X 1 114 1,82583 XX 2 102 1,90905 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0,0832118 0,129598 1 - 3 0,125486 0,13408 2 - 3 *0,208698 0,137516 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for Do day vo by bao goi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95,0 LDPErcent LSD bao goi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 141 1,55003 X 1 165 2,07345 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *0,523414 0,109052 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ảnh hưởng của nhiệt độ đến màu ANOVA Table for L_vo by nhiet do Analysis of Variance ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Between groups 259.377 1 259.377 12.30 0.0005 Within groups 10205.7 484 21.0862 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total (Corr.) 10465.1 485 Multiple Range Tests for L_vo by nhiet do -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 percent LSD nhiet do Count Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L 216 48.4196 X T 270 49.8898 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L - T *-1.47019 0.823654 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANOVA Table for L_thit by nhiet do Analysis of Variance ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang x ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Between groups 39.1198 1 39.1198 12.73 0.0004 Within groups 1487.39 484 3.07313 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total (Corr.) 1526.51 485 Multiple Range Tests for L_thit by nhiet do -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 percent LSD nhiet do Count Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L 216 45.7919 X T 270 46.3628 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L - T *-0.570963 0.314439 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANOVA Table for a_vo by nhiet do Analysis of Variance ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Between groups 172.408 1 172.408 37.64 0.0000 Within groups 2217.18 484 4.58095 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total (Corr.) 2389.59 485 Multiple Range Tests for a_vo by nhiet do -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 percent LSD nhiet do Count Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L 216 -14.774 X T 270 -13.5754 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L - T *-1.19864 0.383905 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANOVA Table for a_thit by nhiet do Analysis of Variance ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Between groups 0.86993 1 0.86993 0.55 0.4575 Within groups 761.434 484 1.57321 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total (Corr.) 762.304 485 Multiple Range Tests for a_thit by nhiet do -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 percent LSD nhiet do Count Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L 216 1.99002 X T 270 2.07517 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L - T -0.0851435 0.224978 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANOVA Table for b_vo by nhiet do Analysis of Variance ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Between groups 279.297 1 279.297 7.15 0.0077 Within groups 18855.5 483 39.0383 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total (Corr.) 19134.8 484 Multiple Range Tests for b_vo by nhiet do Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 percent LSD nhiet do Count Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L 216 28.4687 X T 269 29.9955 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L - T *-1.52687 1.12164 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ANOVA Table for b_thit by nhiet do Analysis of Variance ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Between groups 0.0858645 1 0.0858645 0.03 0.8736 Within groups 1639.48 484 3.38736 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total (Corr.) 1639.57 485 Multiple Range Tests for b_thit by nhiet do -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 percent LSD nhiet do Count Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- T 270 27.8163 X L 216 27.843 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L - T 0.0267495 0.330124 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L _vo o nhiet do lanh Analysis of Variance for L_vo - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 21.9295 3 7.30984 0.11 0.9550 B:baomang 5442.92 2 2721.46 40.50 0.0000 C:baogoi 995.534 1 995.534 14.81 0.0001 INTERACTIONS AB 315.828 6 52.638 0.78 0.5832 AC 296.974 3 98.9913 1.47 0.2206 BC 308.57 2 154.285 2.30 0.1014 ABC 65.3229 6 10.8871 0.16 0.9866 RESIDUAL 47376.6 705 67.2009 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 54806.3 728 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_vo by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 180 54.6731 X 2 180 54.714 X 4 186 54.871 X 1 183 55.1164 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.402374 1.68666 1 - 3 0.443275 1.68666 1 - 4 0.245378 1.67289 2 - 3 0.0409012 1.69362 2 - 4 -0.156996 1.6799 3 - 4 -0.197897 1.6799 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_vo by baomang Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xii -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 240 52.2189 X 2 246 53.6858 X 3 243 58.6262 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *-1.46684 1.45774 1 - 3 *-6.40726 1.46218 2 - 3 *-4.94042 1.45318 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_vo by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 372 53.6734 X 1 357 56.0138 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *2.34034 1.1904 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a_vo o nhiet do lanh Analysis of Variance for a_vo - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 11.6511 3 3.88371 0.11 0.9522 B:baomang 3788.69 2 1894.35 55.36 0.0000 C:baogoi 1215.43 1 1215.43 35.52 0.0000 INTERACTIONS AB 405.894 6 67.6491 1.98 0.0667 AC 63.7782 3 21.2594 0.62 0.6014 BC 449.95 2 224.975 6.57 0.0015 ABC 39.8113 6 6.63521 0.19 0.9785 RESIDUAL 24124.8 705 34.2196 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 30139.7 728 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_vo by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 183 -11.0256 X 2 180 -10.9582 X 3 180 -10.787 X 4 186 -10.7125 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.0673659 1.20359 1 - 3 -0.238576 1.20359 1 - 4 -0.3131 1.19376 2 - 3 -0.17121 1.20855 2 - 4 -0.245734 1.19877 3 - 4 -0.0745236 1.19877 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_vo by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 240 -13.0354 X 2 246 -11.8691 X 3 243 -7.70794 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *-1.16628 1.04023 1 - 3 *-5.32744 1.0434 Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xiii 2 - 3 *-4.16116 1.03698 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_vo by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 372 -12.1638 X 1 357 -9.57784 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *2.58593 0.849463 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b_vo o nhiet do lanh Analysis of Variance for b_vo - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 205.374 3 68.458 0.41 0.7451 B:baomang 20318.3 2 10159.1 61.00 0.0000 C:baogoi 1711.85 1 1711.85 10.28 0.0013 INTERACTIONS AB 855.22 6 142.537 0.86 0.5271 AC 661.311 3 220.437 1.32 0.2655 BC 1018.7 2 509.352 3.06 0.0476 ABC 306.047 6 51.0079 0.31 0.9338 RESIDUAL 117404.0 705 166.53 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 142642.0 728 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_vo by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 186 39.1507 X 3 180 39.1571 X 2 180 39.4284 X 1 183 40.4436 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 1.01521 2.65514 1 - 3 1.2865 2.65514 1 - 4 1.29286 2.63346 2 - 3 0.271281 2.66609 2 - 4 0.277646 2.6445 3 - 4 0.00636476 2.6445 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_vo by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 240 34.4898 X 2 246 37.2873 X 3 243 46.8577 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *-2.79746 2.29478 1 - 3 *-12.3679 2.30176 2 - 3 *-9.57048 2.2876 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_vo by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 372 38.0105 X 1 357 41.0794 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xiv 1 - 2 *3.06892 1.87393 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L_thit o nhiet do lanh Analysis of Variance for L_thit - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 0.094994 3 0.0316647 0.01 0.9989 B:baomang 79.0364 2 39.5182 11.02 0.0000 C:baogoi 20.9511 1 20.9511 5.84 0.0156 INTERACTIONS AB 8.0517 6 1.34195 0.37 0.8955 AC 3.11652 3 1.03884 0.29 0.8329 BC 11.7029 2 5.85145 1.63 0.1963 ABC 19.8045 6 3.30075 0.92 0.4794 RESIDUAL 2528.03 705 3.58585 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 2669.93 728 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_thit by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 180 46.0043 X 4 186 46.0162 X 1 183 46.0255 X 2 180 46.0354 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.00993519 0.389616 1 - 3 0.0211734 0.389616 1 - 4 0.00926431 0.386435 2 - 3 0.0311086 0.391222 2 - 4 0.0191995 0.388055 3 - 4 -0.0119091 0.388055 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_thit by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 243 45.5843 X 2 246 46.0924 X 1 240 46.3843 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.291893 0.336736 1 - 3 *0.800054 0.337761 2 - 3 *0.508161 0.335683 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_thit by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 372 45.8506 X 1 357 46.1901 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *0.339512 0.274981 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a_thit o nhiet do lanh Analysis of Variance for a_thit - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 11.2122 3 3.73742 2.12 0.0960 B:baomang 37.0487 2 18.5243 10.52 0.0000 C:baogoi 0.270135 1 0.270135 0.15 0.6953 Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xv INTERACTIONS AB 9.77897 6 1.62983 0.93 0.4756 AC 4.82244 3 1.60748 0.91 0.4342 BC 4.08941 2 2.04471 1.16 0.3136 ABC 9.55048 6 1.59175 0.90 0.4912 RESIDUAL 1241.14 705 1.76048 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 1319.0 728 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_thit by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 180 2.44552 X 2 180 2.44599 X 1 183 2.45695 X 4 186 2.73412 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.010966 0.272996 1 - 3 0.0114336 0.272996 1 - 4 *-0.277167 0.270767 2 - 3 0.000467576 0.274122 2 - 4 *-0.288133 0.271902 3 - 4 *-0.288601 0.271902 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_thit by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 246 2.35086 X 1 240 2.37144 X 3 243 2.83964 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.0205774 0.235944 1 - 3 *-0.468203 0.236663 2 - 3 *-0.48878 0.235206 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_thit by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 372 2.50137 X 1 357 2.53992 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.0385516 0.192674 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b_thit o nhiet do lanh Analysis of Variance for b_thit - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 20.9472 3 6.9824 1.89 0.1297 B:baomang 53.6556 2 26.8278 7.27 0.0008 C:baogoi 8.47299 1 8.47299 2.29 0.1298 INTERACTIONS AB 27.393 6 4.56549 1.24 0.2854 AC 1.33558 3 0.445194 0.12 0.9480 BC 0.716368 2 0.358184 0.10 0.9076 ABC 10.9538 6 1.82563 0.49 0.8128 RESIDUAL 2603.33 705 3.69266 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 2724.93 728 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_thit by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xvi xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 180 27.9112 X 2 180 27.9786 XX 1 183 27.9829 XX 4 186 28.3416 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.00429926 0.395376 1 - 3 0.0717176 0.395376 1 - 4 -0.358628 0.392148 2 - 3 0.0674184 0.397006 2 - 4 -0.362927 0.393792 3 - 4 *-0.430346 0.393792 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_thit by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 243 27.7496 X 2 246 28.0001 X 1 240 28.411 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *0.410937 0.341715 1 - 3 *0.661379 0.342755 2 - 3 0.250443 0.340645 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_thit by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 372 27.9456 X 1 357 28.1615 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.215909 0.279047 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L_vo o nhiet do phong Analysis of Variance for L_vo - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 10.3569 3 3.45232 0.15 0.9271 B:baomang 457.431 2 228.716 10.20 0.0001 C:baogoi 8.81232 1 8.81232 0.39 0.5312 INTERACTIONS AB 180.974 6 30.1623 1.35 0.2368 AC 107.251 3 35.7504 1.59 0.1908 BC 14.7996 2 7.3998 0.33 0.7191 ABC 68.7192 6 11.4532 0.51 0.8000 RESIDUAL 6523.52 291 22.4176 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 7382.86 314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_vo by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 72 49.8489 X 1 72 49.9219 X 3 84 50.239 X 2 87 50.2636 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.34162 1.48466 1 - 3 -0.317014 1.49661 Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xvii 1 - 4 0.0730556 1.55311 2 - 3 0.0246065 1.42545 2 - 4 0.414676 1.48466 3 - 4 0.390069 1.49661 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_vo by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 114 49.172 X 2 102 49.2049 X 3 99 51.8281 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.0328646 1.27007 1 - 3 *-2.65601 1.28019 2 - 3 *-2.62314 1.31472 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_vo by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 174 49.8977 X 2 141 50.239 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.341238 1.0559 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a_vo o nhiet do phong Analysis of Variance for a_vo - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 7.86108 3 2.62036 0.38 0.7709 B:baomang 15.2522 2 7.6261 1.09 0.3368 C:baogoi 51.1742 1 51.1742 7.33 0.0072 INTERACTIONS AB 10.8836 6 1.81393 0.26 0.9550 AC 7.16694 3 2.38898 0.34 0.7949 BC 16.5859 2 8.29295 1.19 0.3064 ABC 8.20218 6 1.36703 0.20 0.9778 RESIDUAL 2031.83 291 6.98222 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 2151.76 314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_vo by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 72 -13.6582 X 4 72 -13.4397 X 3 84 -13.3733 X 2 87 -13.2094 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.448773 0.828568 1 - 3 -0.284931 0.835242 1 - 4 -0.218472 0.866771 2 - 3 0.163843 0.795526 2 - 4 0.230301 0.828568 3 - 4 0.0664583 0.835242 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xviii Multiple Range Tests for a_vo by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 102 -13.7058 X 3 99 -13.3901 X 1 114 -13.1645 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.54125 0.70881 1 - 3 0.225608 0.714456 2 - 3 -0.315642 0.73373 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_vo by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 174 -13.8313 X 2 141 -13.009 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 *-0.822315 0.589287 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b _vo o nhiet do phong Analysis of Variance for b_vo - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 102.277 3 34.0922 0.62 0.6048 B:baomang 2029.39 2 1014.69 18.35 0.0000 C:baogoi 6.66569 1 6.66569 0.12 0.7287 INTERACTIONS AB 527.805 6 87.9675 1.59 0.1496 AC 153.693 3 51.231 0.93 0.4283 BC 61.4449 2 30.7224 0.56 0.5744 ABC 94.0009 6 15.6668 0.28 0.9446 RESIDUAL 16037.8 290 55.3026 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 19046.6 313 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_vo by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 71 29.3679 X 3 84 30.4514 X 1 72 30.5399 X 2 87 30.9633 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.423444 2.3319 1 - 3 0.0884931 2.35069 1 - 4 1.17201 2.448 2 - 3 0.511937 2.23891 2 - 4 1.59545 2.34087 3 - 4 1.08351 2.35958 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_vo by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 114 28.0994 X 2 102 28.8776 X 3 98 34.0148 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.778196 1.99486 Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xix 1 - 3 *-5.91548 2.01623 2 - 3 *-5.13728 2.07033 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_vo by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 173 30.1819 X 2 141 30.4793 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.297371 1.66062 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L_thit o nhiet do phong Analysis of Variance for L_thit - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 3.27067 3 1.09022 0.31 0.8172 B:baomang 55.0579 2 27.5289 7.86 0.0005 C:baogoi 3.89496 1 3.89496 1.11 0.2925 INTERACTIONS AB 35.2643 6 5.87739 1.68 0.1260 AC 6.1036 3 2.03453 0.58 0.6279 BC 11.9622 2 5.98109 1.71 0.1831 ABC 14.5616 6 2.42693 0.69 0.6554 RESIDUAL 1019.07 291 3.50196 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 1155.78 314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_thit by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 84 46.1894 X 1 72 46.4071 X 2 87 46.4289 X 4 72 46.4386 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.0218056 0.586796 1 - 3 0.217708 0.591522 1 - 4 -0.0315278 0.613851 2 - 3 0.239514 0.563395 2 - 4 -0.00972222 0.586796 3 - 4 -0.249236 0.591522 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_thit by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 99 45.7581 X 2 102 46.6293 X 1 114 46.7105 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.0811632 0.501983 1 - 3 *0.952378 0.505981 2 - 3 *0.871215 0.519631 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for L_thit by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 174 46.2526 X 2 141 46.4794 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xx -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.226863 0.417336 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a_thit o nhiet do phong Analysis of Variance for a_thit - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 2.54686 3 0.848954 0.48 0.6956 B:baomang 8.16083 2 4.08041 2.31 0.1008 C:baogoi 3.7046 1 3.7046 2.10 0.1484 INTERACTIONS AB 0.727945 6 0.121324 0.07 0.9987 AC 2.9385 3 0.979499 0.56 0.6450 BC 0.366337 2 0.183168 0.10 0.9014 ABC 6.79938 6 1.13323 0.64 0.6963 RESIDUAL 513.399 291 1.76426 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 539.4 314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_thit by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 72 2.00375 X 2 87 2.03118 X 3 84 2.11035 X 4 72 2.24403 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.0274306 0.416498 1 - 3 -0.106597 0.419852 1 - 4 -0.240278 0.435701 2 - 3 -0.0791667 0.399888 2 - 4 -0.212847 0.416498 3 - 4 -0.133681 0.419852 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_thit by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 102 1.92186 X 1 114 2.04856 XX 3 99 2.32156 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.126701 0.356299 1 - 3 -0.273003 0.359137 2 - 3 *-0.399705 0.368825 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for a_thit by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 141 1.9867 X 1 174 2.20795 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.22125 0.296218 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- b_thit o nhiet do phong Analysis of Variance for b_thit - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:xuly 7.62463 3 2.54154 0.76 0.5151 B:baomang 25.9207 2 12.9604 3.90 0.0214 Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xxi C:baogoi 12.1296 1 12.1296 3.65 0.0572 INTERACTIONS AB 14.0941 6 2.34902 0.71 0.6449 AC 17.2297 3 5.74322 1.73 0.1617 BC 0.53666 2 0.26833 0.08 0.9225 ABC 20.046 6 3.34101 1.00 0.4226 RESIDUAL 968.112 291 3.32684 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 1064.28 314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_thit by xuly -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD xuly Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 87 27.5368 X 3 84 27.6196 X 1 72 27.8447 X 4 72 27.924 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.307917 0.571937 1 - 3 0.225139 0.576543 1 - 4 -0.0793056 0.598307 2 - 3 -0.0827778 0.549128 2 - 4 -0.387222 0.571937 3 - 4 -0.304444 0.576543 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_thit by baomang -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baomang Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 99 27.3371 X 2 102 27.8146 XX 1 114 28.0421 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 0.2275 0.489271 1 - 3 *0.705052 0.493168 2 - 3 0.477552 0.506472 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for b_thit by baogoi -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95.0 LDPErcent LSD baogoi Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 174 27.5311 X 2 141 27.9315 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 - 2 -0.400347 0.406768 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ho hap Analysis of Variance for toc do ho hap - TyLDPE III Sums of Squares -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- MAIN EFFECTS A:mau 248,259 2 124,129 48,68 0,0000 B:ngay 858,565 1 858,565 336,69 0,0000 INTERACTIONS AB 174,485 2 87,2427 34,21 0,0000 RESIDUAL 45,9003 18 2,55001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL (CORRECTED) 1327,21 23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiple Range Tests for toc do ho hap by mau -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95,0 LDPErcent LSD mau Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mang H 8 16,685 X Luận văn tôt nghiệp khóa 28-2007 Trường Đại học Cần Thơ Chuyên ngành Công Nghệ Thực Phẩm - Khoa Nông Nghiệp & SHUD Trang xxii Mang L 8 18,3344 X Control 8 24,1811 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Control - Mang H *7,49615 1,67746 Control - Mang L *5,84671 1,67746 Mang H - Mang L -1,64944 1,67746 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * denotes a statistically significant difference. Multiple Range Tests for toc do ho hap by ngay -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Method: 95,0 LDPErcent LSD ngay Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 12 13,7524 X 30 12 25,7146 X -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contrast Difference +/- Limits -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 - 30 *-11,9622 1,36964 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- denotes a statistically significant difference. Phân tích hồi qui logistic về chất lượng cảm quan Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error OR Pr(>|z|) (Intercept) 0.921479 0.188680 1.04e-06 *** Xuly -0.158646 0.032045 0.853 7.39e-07 *** Baomang 0.796967 0.149442 2.219 9.66e-08 *** Baogoi 0.966155 0.146989 2.63 4.93e-11 *** Nhietdo 2.729959 0.218651 15.33 < 2e-16 *** Ngay -0.119881 0.008672 0.887 < 2e-16 *** --- Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1 log[p/(1-p)] = 0.9215 – 0.159X1 + 0.797X2 + 0.967X3 + 2.73X4 – 0.12X5

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