Ngư nghiệp - Maritime safety and security administration

Maritime Safety and Security Administration Gohoho Emmanuel Sena Ports and Shipping Department31-Mar-201Ports and Shipping DepartmentCourse Outline31-Mar-20Ports and Shipping Department2ObjectiveTopicTotal Hours1Introduction22Maritime Safety43Maritime Safety Nets44Maritime Safety Measures45Relevant Safety Conventions46Marine Pollution27Ship-Source Pollution28Pollution Prevention Measures49Pollution Prevention Conventions210Compensation Schemes211Maritime Security2GRAND TOTAL32Course Format Course will be delivered through Interactive Lectures, PowerPoint presentations, Video Clips Students are free to ask questions and contribute at any time of their choice. The 1st -10 minutes shall be used to address students problemsEnjoy everyone. ThanksWhat is maritime safety?measures employed by owners, operators and administrators of vessels, port facilities, offshore installations and other marine organizations and establishments to prevent or minimize the occurrence of mishaps or incidents at sea that may be caused by substandard ships, unqualified crew or operator error.31-Mar-204Ports and Shipping DepartmentClassification of Maritime SafetyHardwareSoftware Human-ware31-Mar-205Ports and Shipping DepartmentMaritime Safety NetsThese are segments within the maritime community with specific roles and responsibilities to promote and maintain maritime safety as well as to prevent or reduce shipboard marine pollution. 31-Mar-206Ports and Shipping DepartmentMaritime Safety NetsThe International Community Flag StateShip-owners Classification Societies Port States Shippers/ CharterersP & I Clubs Masters And Crew,Ship Builders/Designers Terminal Operators Financiers Cargo Owners 31-Mar-207Ports and Shipping DepartmentInternational CommunityWe have many different international organizations which are governmental and non-governmental agencies, but for the purpose of shipping, we will deal with IMO and ILO.31-Mar-208Ports and Shipping DepartmentInternational Maritime Organisation Main international body established to deal with technical aspects of shippingThe convention that established the IMO was adopted in 1948 and entered into force in 195931-Mar-209Ports and Shipping DepartmentThe general objective of IMO is to improve maritime safety, security and the prevention of marine pollution through the development of new regulations and procedures or reviving existing onesWhy is the establishment of IMO so Important?The international nature of the shipping industry requires international machinery to as much as possible, prevent unilateral actions.Maritime safety, security and pollution prevention are global issues and must be tackled from global perspectives.Instruments adopted internally will be widespread.31-Mar-2010Ports and Shipping DepartmentFour (4) key ConventionsThe International Convention on Loadlines, 1966/88The international Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969The International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Ships, 1973/78The International Convention for the Safety of life at Sea, 1974 “Bedrocks of international safety and pollution prevention”.IMO itself does not apply the regulations contained in the conventions; this is entirely the responsibility of member states31-Mar-2011Ports and Shipping DepartmentCommon criticisms of IMOThe conventions take a long time to enter into force The conventions are reactive because they are made only after serious accidents.31-Mar-2012Ports and Shipping DepartmentInternational Labour OrganisationILO is a specialized agency associated with the United Nations (UN), whose worldwide objectives are: “to improve labor conditions, promote productive employment and social progress, and raise living standards”. The ILO was established in 1919 as an autonomous part of the League of Nations and brought into formal relationship with the UN in 1946. 31-Mar-2013Ports and Shipping DepartmentILOThe ILO adopted conventions on substandard ships form the labour point of view and it calls on administrations to have effective regulations on manning of ships. The ILO has also adopted the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006. This basis of this convention is to provide a level playing field with regard to seafarers’ employment standards.31-Mar-2014Ports and Shipping DepartmentFlagstates“Flagstate jurisdiction” refers to the power of a state to control ships flying its flag in terms of administrative, technical and social matters anywhere in the world.31-Mar-2015Ports and Shipping DepartmentFlagstates Article 94 (3) of UNCLOS charges flag states to take those measures to ensure maritime safety with regards to:Construction, equipment and seaworthiness of vesselsManning of ships, labour conditions and training of crew taking into consideration the application of relevant instruments.Use of signals, maintenance of communication and prevention of pollution.31-Mar-2016Ports and Shipping DepartmentFlagstatesIt is the responsibility of the flag state to ensure that the provisions in the conventions they have ratified are implemented on ships flying their flags. The flag state is allowed to delegate its authority to the classifications societies but ultimate responsibility still remains with the Flagstate.31-Mar-2017Ports and Shipping DepartmentWhy Flagstates have failedInsufficient trained and experienced technical personnel within administrations.The lack of sufficient infrastructure to properly interpret and support application and enforcement of international regulations. The unclear delegations of authority and regulatory oversight when inspections and surveys are entrusted to nominated surveyors or to organizations recognized by administrations.The absence of effective control or oversight programmes to ensure that consistent and competent maritime safety activities are undertaken.31-Mar-2018Ports and Shipping DepartmentShipowners/OperatorsShipowners have historically been concerned with safety because the safe transport of goods determines their profit. The safety of the crew too also determines the safety of their property. Their interest in safety was therefore rooted in the desire to protect their property and avoid the risk of losing their lines. 31-Mar-2019Ports and Shipping DepartmentShipowners/OperatorsThe situation has changed due to changes that have occurred in the industry, particularly the insurance of vessels and goods. Once the ships and equipment have been fully certified as being in compliance with such statutory and classification regulations, the owner/operator must carry the prime responsibility for safety at sea. 31-Mar-2020Ports and Shipping DepartmentShipowners have always complained that safety is expensive; what about accidents?31-Mar-2021Ports and Shipping DepartmentSafety or Accidents?22Akpe na mi!Questions