Luận văn Khảo sát các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng sữa bắp tiệt trùng
Cân các môi truờng nuôi cấy và hòa tan trong nước cất với hàm lượng xác định
trong bình cầu (hoặc tam giác). Dùng bông gòn bịt kín miệng cầu.
Đun nóng môi trường để hòa tan hoàn toàn các thành phần môi truờng trong nước.
Pha loãng dung dịch nước muối 0,85%. Dùng ống đong, đong 90 ml nước muối đã
pha loãng cho vào bình cầu. Bịt kín miệng bình cầu bằng bông gòn.
Rữa sạch các đĩa petri, ống nghiệm, pipette. Dùng giấy bịt kín (chuẩn bị thanh
trùng)
Thanh trùng các môi trường, dụng cụ thủy tinh, bình chứa mẫu pha loãng,.
1.5.2 Chuẩn bị mẫu
Tiến hành hút 1ml mẫu từ nguyên liệu (sản phẩm sữa) cho vào ống nghiệm đựng 9
ml nước muối 0,85% (pha loãng mẫu theo tỉ lệ 1/10).
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----------------------------
54 - 64 *0.174167 0.13608
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
xxi
ANOVA Table for L by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 1.00977 6 0.168295 1.83 0.1065
Within groups 5.97076 65 0.0918579
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 6.98053 71
xxii
Multiple Range Tests for L by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62-65/90 9 78.4611 X
62-65/60 9 78.4811 XX
52-55/90 9 78.6089 XXX
52-55/60 9 78.6156 XXX
62-65/30 9 78.7344 XXX
52-55/30 9 78.75 XX
DC 18 78.7683 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55/30 - 52-55/60 0.134444 0.285339
52-55/30 - 52-55/90 0.141111 0.285339
52-55/30 - 62-65/30 0.0155556 0.285339
52-55/30 - 62-65/60 0.268889 0.285339
52-55/30 - 62-65/90 *0.288889 0.285339
52-55/30 - DC -0.0183333 0.247111
52-55/60 - 52-55/90 0.00666667 0.285339
52-55/60 - 62-65/30 -0.118889 0.285339
52-55/60 - 62-65/60 0.134444 0.285339
52-55/60 - 62-65/90 0.154444 0.285339
52-55/60 - DC -0.152778 0.247111
52-55/90 - 62-65/30 -0.125556 0.285339
52-55/90 - 62-65/60 0.127778 0.285339
52-55/90 - 62-65/90 0.147778 0.285339
52-55/90 - DC -0.159444 0.247111
62-65/30 - 62-65/60 0.253333 0.285339
62-65/30 - 62-65/90 0.273333 0.285339
62-65/30 - DC -0.0338889 0.247111
62-65/60 - 62-65/90 0.02 0.285339
62-65/60 - DC *-0.287222 0.247111
62-65/90 - DC *-0.307222 0.247111
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Analysis of Variance for a - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Thoi gian TP 0.176506 3 0.0588352 1.55 0.2094
B:Nhiet Do TP.so 0.0329389 1 0.0329389 0.87 0.3547
RESIDUAL 2.54131 67 0.0379299
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 2.75075 71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
xxiii
Multiple Range Tests for a by Thoi gian TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Thoi gian TP Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 18 -4.64056 X
30 18 -4.60278 XX
60 18 -4.56722 XX
90 18 -4.50611 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 30 -0.0377778 0.129579
0 - 60 -0.0733333 0.129579
0 - 90 *-0.134444 0.129579
30 - 60 -0.0355556 0.129579
30 - 90 -0.0966667 0.129579
60 - 90 -0.0611111 0.129579
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Multiple Range Tests for a by Nhiet Do TP.so
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Nhiet Do TP.so Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 36 -4.60056 X
64 36 -4.55778 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 - 64 -0.0427778 0.0916258
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for a by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 0.207678 6 0.034613 0.88 0.5113
Within groups 2.54307 65 0.0391242
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 2.75075 71
xxiv
Multiple Range Tests for a by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DC 18 -4.64056 X
62-65/30 9 -4.61111 XX
52-55/30 9 -4.59444 XX
52-55/60 9 -4.58111 XX
62-65/60 9 -4.55333 XX
52-55/90 9 -4.54444 XX
62-65/90 9 -4.46778 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55/30 - 52-55/60 -0.0133333 0.18622
52-55/30 - 52-55/90 -0.05 0.18622
52-55/30 - 62-65/30 0.0166667 0.18622
52-55/30 - 62-65/60 -0.0411111 0.18622
52-55/30 - 62-65/90 -0.126667 0.18622
52-55/30 - DC 0.0461111 0.161271
52-55/60 - 52-55/90 -0.0366667 0.18622
52-55/60 - 62-65/30 0.03 0.18622
52-55/60 - 62-65/60 -0.0277778 0.18622
52-55/60 - 62-65/90 -0.113333 0.18622
52-55/60 - DC 0.0594444 0.161271
52-55/90 - 62-65/30 0.0666667 0.18622
52-55/90 - 62-65/60 0.00888889 0.18622
52-55/90 - 62-65/90 -0.0766667 0.18622
52-55/90 - DC 0.0961111 0.161271
62-65/30 - 62-65/60 -0.0577778 0.18622
62-65/30 - 62-65/90 -0.143333 0.18622
62-65/30 - DC 0.0294444 0.161271
62-65/60 - 62-65/90 -0.0855556 0.18622
62-65/60 - DC 0.0872222 0.161271
62-65/90 - DC *0.172778 0.161271
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Analysis of Variance for b - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Thoi gian TP 0.251878 3 0.0839593 1.58 0.2027
B:Nhiet Do TP.so 0.08405 1 0.08405 1.58 0.2131
RESIDUAL 3.56372 67 0.0531898
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 3.89964 71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
xxv
Multiple Range Tests for b by Thoi gian TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Thoi gian TP Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
90 18 14.3994 X
60 18 14.4844 X
30 18 14.5389 X
0 18 14.5483 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 30 0.00944444 0.153446
0 - 60 0.0638889 0.153446
0 - 90 0.148889 0.153446
30 - 60 0.0544444 0.153446
30 - 90 0.139444 0.153446
60 - 90 0.085 0.153446
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Multiple Range Tests for b by Nhiet Do TP.so
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Nhiet Do TP.so Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
64 36 14.4586 X
54 36 14.5269 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 - 64 0.0683333 0.108503
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for b by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 0.333661 6 0.0556102 1.01 0.4243
Within groups 3.56598 65 0.0548613
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 3.89964 71
xxvi
Multiple Range Tests for b by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62-65/90 9 14.3422 X
62-65/60 9 14.4489 XX
52-55/90 9 14.4567 XX
52-55/60 9 14.52 XX
62-65/30 9 14.5367 XX
52-55/30 9 14.5411 XX
DC 18 14.5483 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55/30 - 52-55/60 0.0211111 0.220514
52-55/30 - 52-55/90 0.0844444 0.220514
52-55/30 - 62-65/30 0.00444444 0.220514
52-55/30 - 62-65/60 0.0922222 0.220514
52-55/30 - 62-65/90 0.198889 0.220514
52-55/30 - DC -0.00722222 0.19097
52-55/60 - 52-55/90 0.0633333 0.220514
52-55/60 - 62-65/30 -0.0166667 0.220514
52-55/60 - 62-65/60 0.0711111 0.220514
52-55/60 - 62-65/90 0.177778 0.220514
52-55/60 - DC -0.0283333 0.19097
52-55/90 - 62-65/30 -0.08 0.220514
52-55/90 - 62-65/60 0.00777778 0.220514
52-55/90 - 62-65/90 0.114444 0.220514
52-55/90 - DC -0.0916667 0.19097
62-65/30 - 62-65/60 0.0877778 0.220514
62-65/30 - 62-65/90 0.194444 0.220514
62-65/30 - DC -0.0116667 0.19097
62-65/60 - 62-65/90 0.106667 0.220514
62-65/60 - DC -0.0994444 0.19097
62-65/90 - DC *-0.206111 0.19097
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
b. Ảnh hưởng của quá trình thủy phân tinh bột bắp đến độ nhớt sản phẩm
Analysis of Variance for Do Nhot - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Thoi gian TP 101.989 3 33.9962 542.25 0.0000
B:Nhiet Do TP.so 1.74533 1 1.74533 27.84 0.0000
RESIDUAL 4.20053 67 0.0626944
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 107.934 71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
xxvii
Multiple Range Tests for Do Nhot by Thoi gian TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Thoi gian TP Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
90 18 2.43778 X
60 18 2.96944 X
30 18 3.56722 X
0 18 5.58056 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 30 *2.01333 0.166593
0 - 60 *2.61111 0.166593
0 - 90 *3.14278 0.166593
30 - 60 *0.597778 0.166593
30 - 90 *1.12944 0.166593
60 - 90 *0.531667 0.166593
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Multiple Range Tests for Do Nhot by Nhiet Do TP.so
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Nhiet Do TP.so Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
64 36 3.48306 X
54 36 3.79444 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 - 64 *0.311389 0.117799
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for Do Nhot by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 104.89 6 17.4817 373.25 0.0000
Within groups 3.04436 65 0.0468363
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 107.934 71
xxviii
Multiple Range Tests for Do Nhot by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62-65/90 9 2.23222 X
52-55/90 9 2.64333 X
62-65/60 9 2.64889 X
52-55/60 9 3.29 X
62-65/30 9 3.44 X
52-55/30 9 3.69444 X
DC 18 5.58056 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55/30 - 52-55/60 *0.404444 0.203748
52-55/30 - 52-55/90 *1.05111 0.203748
52-55/30 - 62-65/30 *0.254444 0.203748
52-55/30 - 62-65/60 *1.04556 0.203748
52-55/30 - 62-65/90 *1.46222 0.203748
52-55/30 - DC *-1.88611 0.176451
52-55/60 - 52-55/90 *0.646667 0.203748
52-55/60 - 62-65/30 -0.15 0.203748
52-55/60 - 62-65/60 *0.641111 0.203748
52-55/60 - 62-65/90 *1.05778 0.203748
52-55/60 - DC *-2.29056 0.176451
52-55/90 - 62-65/30 *-0.796667 0.203748
52-55/90 - 62-65/60 -0.00555556 0.203748
52-55/90 - 62-65/90 *0.411111 0.203748
52-55/90 - DC *-2.93722 0.176451
62-65/30 - 62-65/60 *0.791111 0.203748
62-65/30 - 62-65/90 *1.20778 0.203748
62-65/30 - DC *-2.14056 0.176451
62-65/60 - 62-65/90 *0.416667 0.203748
62-65/60 - DC *-2.93167 0.176451
62-65/90 - DC *-3.34833 0.176451
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
2.1.2 Ảnh hưởng của chế độ thủy phân tinh bột bắp đến lượng đường sinh của dịch
thủy phân
Analysis of Variance for Ham Luong Duong - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Thoi gian TP 2848.37 3 949.456 659.89 0.0000
B:Nhiet Do TP.so 207.027 1 207.027 143.89 0.0000
RESIDUAL 96.3999 67 1.4388
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 3151.8 71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
xxix
Multiple Range Tests for Ham Luong Duong by Thoi gian TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Thoi gian TP Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 18 2.63333 X
30 18 13.2511 X
60 18 16.4739 X
90 18 19.22 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 30 *-10.6178 0.798073
0 - 60 *-13.8406 0.798073
0 - 90 *-16.5867 0.798073
30 - 60 *-3.22278 0.798073
30 - 90 *-5.96889 0.798073
60 - 90 *-2.74611 0.798073
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Multiple Range Tests for Ham Luong Duong by Nhiet Do TP.so
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Nhiet Do TP.so Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 36 11.1989 X
64 36 14.5903 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 - 64 *-3.39139 0.564323
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Multiple Range Tests for Ham Luong Duong by Nhiet Do TP.so
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Nhiet Do TP.so Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 36 11.1989 X
64 36 14.5903 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 - 64 *-3.39139 0.564323
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for Ham Luong Duong by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 3148.32 6 524.72 9809.63 0.0000
Within groups 3.47687 65 0.0534903
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 3151.8 71
xxx
Multiple Range Tests for Ham Luong Duong by Mau Thi Nghiem.TP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DC 18 2.63333 X
52-55/30 9 11.8933 X
52-55/60 9 13.5322 X
62-65/30 9 14.6089 X
52-55/90 9 16.7367 X
62-65/60 9 19.4156 X
62-65/90 9 21.7033 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55/30 - 52-55/60 *-1.63889 0.217741
52-55/30 - 52-55/90 *-4.84333 0.217741
52-55/30 - 62-65/30 *-2.71556 0.217741
52-55/30 - 62-65/60 *-7.52222 0.217741
52-55/30 - 62-65/90 *-9.81 0.217741
52-55/30 - DC *9.26 0.188569
52-55/60 - 52-55/90 *-3.20444 0.217741
52-55/60 - 62-65/30 *-1.07667 0.217741
52-55/60 - 62-65/60 *-5.88333 0.217741
52-55/60 - 62-65/90 *-8.17111 0.217741
52-55/60 - DC *10.8989 0.188569
52-55/90 - 62-65/30 *2.12778 0.217741
52-55/90 - 62-65/60 *-2.67889 0.217741
52-55/90 - 62-65/90 *-4.96667 0.217741
52-55/90 - DC *14.1033 0.188569
62-65/30 - 62-65/60 *-4.80667 0.217741
62-65/30 - 62-65/90 *-7.09444 0.217741
62-65/30 - DC *11.9756 0.188569
62-65/60 - 62-65/90 *-2.28778 0.217741
62-65/60 - DC *16.7822 0.188569
62-65/90 - DC *19.07 0.188569
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
xxxi
2.1.3 Ảnh hưởng của chế độ thủy phân tinh bột bắp đến giá trị cảm quan sản phẩm
Analysis of Variance for Trang thai san pham - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Thoi Gian. Cam Q 535.8 3 178.6 776.28 0.0000
B:Nhiet Do. CQ. so 45.0667 1 45.0667 195.88 0.0000
RESIDUAL 54.0667 235 0.230071
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 634.933 239
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
Multiple Range Tests for Trang thai san pham by Thoi Gian. Cam Quan
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 60 0.55 X
30 60 2.35 X
60 60 3.65 X
90 60 4.51667 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 30 *-1.8 0.172529
0 - 60 *-3.1 0.172529
0 - 90 *-3.96667 0.172529
30 - 60 *-1.3 0.172529
30 - 90 *-2.16667 0.172529
60 - 90 *-0.866667 0.172529
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Multiple Range Tests for Trang thai san pham by Nhiet Do. Cam Quan
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55 120 2.33333 X
62-65 120 3.2 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55 - 62-65 *-0.866667 0.121996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for Trang thai san pham by Mau Thi Nghiem. CQ
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 595.717 6 99.2861 589.89 0.0000
Within groups 39.2167 233 0.168312
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 634.933 239
xxxii
Multiple Range Tests for Trang thai san pham by Mau Thi Nghiem. CQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DC 60 0.55 X
52-55/30 30 1.6 X
62-65/30 30 3.1 X
52-55/60 30 3.16667 X
52-55/90 30 4.06667 X
62-65/60 30 4.13333 X
62-65/90 30 4.96667 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52-55/30 - 52-55/60 *-1.56667 0.2087
52-55/30 - 52-55/90 *-2.46667 0.2087
52-55/30 - 62-65/30 *-1.5 0.2087
52-55/30 - 62-65/60 *-2.53333 0.2087
52-55/30 - 62-65/90 *-3.36667 0.2087
52-55/30 - DC *1.05 0.180739
52-55/60 - 52-55/90 *-0.9 0.2087
52-55/60 - 62-65/30 0.0666667 0.2087
52-55/60 - 62-65/60 *-0.966667 0.2087
52-55/60 - 62-65/90 *-1.8 0.2087
52-55/60 - DC *2.61667 0.180739
52-55/90 - 62-65/30 *0.966667 0.2087
52-55/90 - 62-65/60 -0.0666667 0.2087
52-55/90 - 62-65/90 *-0.9 0.2087
52-55/90 - DC *3.51667 0.180739
62-65/30 - 62-65/60 *-1.03333 0.2087
62-65/30 - 62-65/90 *-1.86667 0.2087
62-65/30 - DC *2.55 0.180739
62-65/60 - 62-65/90 *-0.833333 0.2087
62-65/60 - DC *3.58333 0.180739
62-65/90 - DC *4.41667 0.180739
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
xxxiii
2.2 Ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối chế dịch bắp thủy phân và sữa đến chất lượng
sản phẩm
2.2.1 Ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối chế dịch bắp thủy phân và sữa đến đặc tính vật lý
sản phẩm
a. Ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối chế dịch bắp thủy phân và sữa đến giá trị L,a, b của sản
phẩm
ANOVA Table for L by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 470.978 3 156.993 404.58 0.0000
Within groups 12.4171 32 0.388035
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 483.395 35
Multiple Range Tests for L by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 9 75.0256 X
2 9 78.4267 X
1 9 80.4567 X
0 9 85.0189 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 1 *4.56222 0.598145
0 - 2 *6.59222 0.598145
0 - 3 *9.99333 0.598145
1 - 2 *2.03 0.598145
1 - 3 *5.43111 0.598145
2 - 3 *3.40111 0.598145
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for a by Ty Le Dich Bap Bo Sung
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 48.0715 3 16.0238 161.83 0.0000
Within groups 3.16858 32 0.0990181
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 51.2401 35
Multiple Range Tests for a by Ty Le Dich Bap Bo Sung
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Mau thi nghiem Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 9 -5.65333 X
2 9 -4.54111 X
1 9 -3.56889 X
0 9 -2.53333 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
xxxiv
ANOVA Table for b by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 1000.06 3 333.352 2843.12 0.0000
Within groups 3.75196 32 0.117249
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 1003.81 35
Multiple Range Tests for b by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 9 2.77333 X
1 9 10.5533 X
2 9 14.4022 X
3 9 16.63 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 1 *-7.78 0.328795
0 - 2 *-11.6289 0.328795
0 - 3 *-13.8567 0.328795
1 - 2 *-3.84889 0.328795
1 - 3 *-6.07667 0.328795
2 - 3 *-2.22778 0.328795
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
b. Ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối chế dịch bắp thủy phân và sữa đến độ nhớt của sản
phẩm
ANOVA Table for Do Nhot by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 3.66114 3 1.22038 365.20 0.0000
Within groups 0.106933 32 0.00334167
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 3.76807 35
ANOVA Table for Do Nhot by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 3.66114 3 1.22038 365.20 0.0000
Within groups 0.106933 32 0.00334167
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 3.76807 35
xxxv
Multiple Range Tests for Do Nhot by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 9 1.80667 X
1 9 2.12222 X
2 9 2.32222 X
3 9 2.68556 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 1 *-0.315556 0.0555077
0 - 2 *-0.515556 0.0555077
0 - 3 *-0.878889 0.0555077
1 - 2 *-0.2 0.0555077
1 - 3 *-0.563333 0.0555077
2 - 3 *-0.363333 0.0555077
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
2.2.2 Ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối chế dịch bắp thủy phân và sữa đến giá trị cảm quan
Analysis of Variance for Mau - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Ty Le Bap Bo Sun 175.833 3 58.6111 670.94 0.0000
RESIDUAL 10.1333 116 0.0873563
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 185.967 119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
Multiple Range Tests for Mau by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung.CQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 30 2.0 X
1 30 3.06667 X
3 30 4.8 X
2 30 4.86667 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 1 *-1.06667 0.151149
0 - 2 *-2.86667 0.151149
0 - 3 *-2.8 0.151149
1 - 2 *-1.8 0.151149
1 - 3 *-1.73333 0.151149
2 - 3 0.0666667 0.151149
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
xxxvi
ANOVA Table for Mui by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung.CQ
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 156.9 3 52.3 669.13 0.0000
Within groups 9.06667 116 0.0781609
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 165.967 119
Multiple Range Tests for Mui by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung.CQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 30 2.06667 X
0 30 2.06667 X
1 30 3.06667 X
2 30 4.86667 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 1 *-1.0 0.142973
0 - 2 *-2.8 0.142973
0 - 3 0.0 0.142973
1 - 2 *-1.8 0.142973
1 - 3 *1.0 0.142973
2 - 3 *2.8 0.142973
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for Vi by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung.CQ
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 117.825 3 39.275 256.43 0.0000
Within groups 17.7667 116 0.153161
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 135.592 119
xxxvii
Multiple Range Tests for Vi by Ty Le Bap Bo Sung.CQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 30 2.0 X
1 30 3.3 X
3 30 3.33333 X
2 30 4.8 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 - 1 *-1.3 0.200139
0 - 2 *-2.8 0.200139
0 - 3 *-1.33333 0.200139
1 - 2 *-1.5 0.200139
1 - 3 -0.0333333 0.200139
2 - 3 *1.46667 0.200139
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
xxxviii
2.3 Ảnh hưởng của chế độ tiệt trùng đến chất lượng và bảo quản sản phẩm
2.3.1 Ảnh hưởng của chế độ tiệt trùng đến đặc tính vật lý sản phẩm
a. Ảnh hưởng của chế độ tiệt trùng đến Giá trị L,a,b sản phẩm
ANOVA Table for L by Mau thi nghiem
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 184.427 3 61.4758 117.34 0.0000
Within groups 16.7656 32 0.523925
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 201.193 35
Multiple Range Tests for L by Mau thi nghiem
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Mau thi nghiem Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/20 9 73.0767 X
125/10 9 76.6733 X
125/5 9 78.4367 X
121/15 9 78.7867 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 - 121/20 *5.71 0.695034
121/15 - 125/10 *2.11333 0.695034
121/15 - 125/5 0.35 0.695034
121/20 - 125/10 *-3.59667 0.695034
121/20 - 125/5 *-5.36 0.695034
125/10 - 125/5 *-1.76333 0.695034
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for a by Mau thi nghiem
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 45.6246 3 15.2082 745.80 0.0000
Within groups 0.652533 32 0.0203917
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 46.2771 35
xxxix
Multiple Range Tests for a by Mau thi nghiem
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Mau thi nghiem Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/20 9 -7.04889 X
125/10 9 -5.71444 X
125/5 9 -4.36556 X
121/15 9 -4.31 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 - 121/20 *2.73889 0.137119
121/15 - 125/10 *1.40444 0.137119
121/15 - 125/5 0.0555556 0.137119
121/20 - 125/10 *-1.33444 0.137119
121/20 - 125/5 *-2.68333 0.137119
125/10 - 125/5 *-1.34889 0.137119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
ANOVA Table for b by Mau thi nghiem
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 113.698 3 37.8994 418.02 0.0000
Within groups 2.90124 32 0.0906639
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 116.6 35
Multiple Range Tests for b by Mau thi nghiem
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Mau thi nghiem Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 9 14.4889 X
125/5 9 14.4922 X
125/10 9 16.4633 X
121/20 9 18.8067 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 - 121/20 *-4.31778 0.289127
121/15 - 125/10 *-1.97444 0.289127
121/15 - 125/5 -0.00333333 0.289127
121/20 - 125/10 *2.34333 0.289127
121/20 - 125/5 *4.31444 0.289127
125/10 - 125/5 *1.97111 0.289127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
xl
b. Ảnh hưởng của chế độ tiệt trùng đến độ nhớt sản phẩm
ANOVA Table for Do nhot by Mau thi nghiem
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 0.0160333 3 0.00534444 2.00 0.1339
Within groups 0.0855556 32 0.00267361
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 0.101589 35
Multiple Range Tests for Do nhot by Mau thi nghiem
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Mau thi nghiem Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/20 9 2.24222 X
125/10 9 2.25556 X
125/5 9 2.28889 X
121/15 9 2.29111 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 - 121/20 0.0488889 0.0496501
121/15 - 125/10 0.0355556 0.0496501
121/15 - 125/5 0.00222222 0.0496501
121/20 - 125/10 -0.0133333 0.0496501
121/20 - 125/5 -0.0466667 0.0496501
125/10 - 125/5 -0.0333333 0.0496501
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
2.3.2 Ảnh hưởng của chế độ tiệt trùng đến mật số vi sinh vật và khả năng bảo quản
Multiple Range Tests for So khuan lac by Mau thi nghiem.vi sinh
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/20 6 0.0 X
125/10 6 0.0 X
125/5 6 0.0 X
121/15 6 0.0 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.3.3 Ảnh hưởng của chế độ tiệt trùng đến giá tri cảm quan sản phẩm
Analysis of Variance for Mau - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Mau thi nghiem.C 273.9 3 91.3 432.87 0.0000
RESIDUAL 24.4667 116 0.21092
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 298.367 119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
xli
Multiple Range Tests for Mau by Mau thi nghiem.CQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/20 30 1.4 X
125/10 30 2.2 X
121/15 30 4.7 X
125/5 30 4.83333 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 - 121/20 *3.3 0.234864
121/15 - 125/10 *2.5 0.234864
121/15 - 125/5 -0.133333 0.234864
121/20 - 125/10 *-0.8 0.234864
121/20 - 125/5 *-3.43333 0.234864
125/10 - 125/5 *-2.63333 0.234864
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
Analysis of Variance for Mui - Type III Sums of Squares
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAIN EFFECTS
A:Mau thi nghiem.C 209.425 3 69.8083 234.27 0.0000
RESIDUAL 34.5667 116 0.297989
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL (CORRECTED) 243.992 119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All F-ratios are based on the residual mean square error.
Multiple Range Tests for Mui by Mau thi nghiem.CQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count LS Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
125/10 30 1.5 X
121/20 30 2.2 X
121/15 30 3.8 X
125/5 30 4.86667 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 - 121/20 *1.6 0.279163
121/15 - 125/10 *2.3 0.279163
121/15 - 125/5 *-1.06667 0.279163
121/20 - 125/10 *0.7 0.279163
121/20 - 125/5 *-2.66667 0.279163
125/10 - 125/5 *-3.36667 0.279163
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
xlii
ANOVA Table for Vi by Mau thi nghiem.CQ
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between groups 303.492 3 101.164 336.89 0.0000
Within groups 34.8333 116 0.300287
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 338.325 119
Multiple Range Tests for Vi by Mau thi nghiem.CQ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Method: 95.0 percent LSD
Level Count Mean Homogeneous Groups
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
125/10 30 1.26667 X
121/20 30 1.43333 X
121/15 30 4.2 X
125/5 30 4.8 X
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contrast Difference +/- Limits
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121/15 - 121/20 *2.76667 0.280237
121/15 - 125/10 *2.93333 0.280237
121/15 - 125/5 *-0.6 0.280237
121/20 - 125/10 0.166667 0.280237
121/20 - 125/5 *-3.36667 0.280237
125/10 - 125/5 *-3.53333 0.280237
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* denotes a statistically significant difference.
PHỤ LỤC 3 ĐỒ THỊ
3.1Vẽ đồ thị thí nghiệm 1
3.1.1 Hàm lượng đường theo nhiệt độ và thời gian
Ham Luong Duong = 2.20653 + 0.0194715*Thoi gian TP - 0.0953687*Nhiet
Do TP.so - 0.000176543*Thoi gian TP*Thoi gian TP + 0.00376078*Nhiet Do
TP.so*Nhiet Do TP.so + 0.0017297*Thoi gian TP*Nhiet Do TP.so
xliii
Multiple Regression Analysis
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dependent variable: Ham Luong Duong
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard T
Parameter Estimate Error Statistic P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSTANT 2.20653 0.479608 4.60068 0.0000
Thoi gian TP 0.0194715 0.0166174 1.17175 0.2450
Nhiet Do TP.so -0.0953687 0.0155728 -6.12407 0.0000
Thoi gian TP*Thoi -0.000176543 0.000134399 -1.31357 0.1930
Nhiet Do TP.so*Nh 0.00376078 0.000240999 15.605 0.0000
Thoi gian TP*Nhie 0.0017297 0.00008281 20.8875 0.0000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model 3974.54 5 794.908 3018.33 0.0000
Residual 19.752 75 0.263361
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 3994.29 80
R-squared = 99.5055 percent
R-squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 99.4725 percent
Standard Error of Est. = 0.513187
Mean absolute error = 0.372185
Durbin-Watson statistic = 0.686511
3.1.2 Độ nhớt
xliv
Multiple Regression Analysis
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dependent variable: Do Nhot
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard T
Parameter Estimate Error Statistic P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSTANT 5.56551 0.211951 26.2585 0.0000
Thoi gian TP 0.000478197 0.00734364 0.0651172 0.9483
Nhiet Do TP.so -0.0243324 0.006882 -3.53566 0.0007
Thoi gian TP*Thoi -0.00000699588 0.0000593944 -0.117787 0.9066
Nhiet Do TP.so*Nh -0.0000151749 0.000106504 -0.142482 0.8871
Thoi gian TP*Nhie -0.000307826 0.0000365958 -8.41151 0.0000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model 133.558 5 26.7116 519.34 0.0000
Residual 3.85753 75 0.0514337
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 137.416 80
R-squared = 97.1928 percent
R-squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 97.0057 percent
Standard Error of Est. = 0.22679
Mean absolute error = 0.157463
Durbin-Watson statistic = 1.77435
Do Nhot = 5.56551 + 0.000478197*Thoi gian TP - 0.0243324*Nhiet Do
TP.so - 0.00000699588*Thoi gian TP*Thoi gian TP - 0.0000151749*Nhiet
Do TP.so*Nhiet Do TP.so - 0.000307826*Thoi gian TP*Nhiet Do TP.so
3.1.3 Giá trị L, a, b
xlv
L = 79.0628 - 0.00457557*Thoi gian TP + 0.00483276*Nhiet Do TP.so +
0.0000393004*Thoi gian TP*Thoi gian TP - 0.000105346*Nhiet Do
TP.so*Nhiet Do TP.so - 0.0000708974*Thoi gian TP*Nhiet Do TP.so
Multiple Regression Analysis
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dependent variable: L
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standard T
Parameter Estimate Error Statistic P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONSTANT 79.0628 0.312636 252.891 0.0000
Thoi gian TP -0.00457557 0.0108322 -0.422405 0.6739
Nhiet Do TP.so 0.00483276 0.0101512 0.476076 0.6354
Thoi gian TP*Thoi 0.0000393004 0.0000876092 0.448588 0.6550
Nhiet Do TP.so*Nh -0.000105346 0.000157097 -0.670575 0.5046
Thoi gian TP*Nhie -0.0000708974 0.0000539803 -1.31339 0.1931
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Analysis of Variance
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F-Ratio P-Value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model 2.76829 5 0.553658 4.95 0.0006
Residual 8.39301 75 0.111907
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total (Corr.) 11.1613 80
R-squared = 95.8026 percent
R-squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 19.7894 percent
Standard Error of Est. = 0.334525
Mean absolute error = 0.253022
Durbin-Watson statistic = 1.34189
Các file đính kèm theo tài liệu này:
- TP0225.pdf