Y khoa, dược - Patient education

14Patient Education14-2Learning Outcomes14.1 Identify the benefits of patient education.14.2 Explain the role of the medical assistant in patient education.14.3 Discuss factors that affect teaching and learning.14.4 Describe patient education materials used in the medical office.14-3Learning Outcomes (cont.)14.5 Explain how patient education can be used to promote good health habits.14.6 Identify the types of information that should be included in the patient information packet.14.7 Discuss techniques for educating patients with special needs.14-4Learning Outcomes (cont.)14.8 Explain the benefits of patient education prior to surgery, and identify types of preoperative teaching.14.9 List educational resources that are available outside the medical office.14-5IntroductionHealth education = lifelong pursuitMedical professionalsEncourage and teach health habits and behaviorsMedical assistantsRecognize and overcome roadblocks to educationBecome comfortable with teachingLead others to their highest level of health14-6The Educated PatientTakes a more active role in medical careIs often more compliant with treatment programsIs better informed about how to maintain a healthy state14-7The Educated Patient (cont.)Benefits to the medical officePatients are more satisfied Patients are more likely to follow instructions so tests do not have to be rescheduledPatients are less likely to call the office with questions, so staff spends less time on the telephoneMedical assistantMore interaction with the patient Assess educational needs at every visit14-8Apply Your KnowledgeWhat are the results of patient education?ANSWER: Patients can take a more active role in their health care. They are more compliant with the treatment program, stay healthier, and are more satisfied clients of the medical practice.EXCELLENT!14-9Brochures, Booklets, and Fact Sheets Explain procedures that are performed in the medical office Provide information about specific diseases and medical conditions Provide information to help patients stay healthyPrinted Materials14-10Educational NewslettersMedical office newsletters: Are written by the doctor or office staff Contain practical health care tips Offer updates on office policies Provide information about new diagnostic tests and equipmentPrinted Materials (cont.)14-11Community-Assistance DirectoryA valuable aid for referring patients to appropriate agencies MealsonWheelsDayCareCentersMedicalServicesPrinted Materials (cont.)14-12Many physicians arrange classes and seminars for their patientsHealth information websites for general consumer health informationVideotapes and DVDs are used effectively to educate about complex subjects and proceduresVisual Materials14-13Apply Your KnowledgeA medical assistant employed in a cardiology office is asked by the physicians to create some form of publication to educate patients about healthy heart habits. Which of the following mediums do you feel will be most effective and why? Create a fact sheet with text explaining common heart diseases.Check out several books on healthy habits that affect the heart from the local library.Create a brochure with pictures and text to focus on dietary habits and other habits that affect heart functioning.Lack of pictures so this medium may not appeal to patients.Books cannot be removed from the office.Answer:RIGHT!14-14Promoting Health and Wellness Through EducationHealth is a complex concept involving physical, mental, emotional, and social influences working together Consumer Education has helped Americans become more aware of good health practices Ways to achieve good healthDevelop good health habitsProtect self from injuryTake preventive measures to protect against disease and illness 14-15Good NutritionRegular ExerciseAdequate RestHealthy Habits14-16BalanceWorkLeisureNo SmokingLimit Alcohol IntakeHealthy Habits (cont.)14-17Protection from InjurySafety tips to prevent injuries At homeAt workAt playProper use of medicationsDo not change dosageDo not mix medicationsReport unusual reactionsTell doctor about any OTC medications14-18Three Levels of PreventionHealth-promoting behaviorsScreeningRehabilitationPrimary Level"CAUTION"Secondary LevelDiagnostic TestingThird LevelImproveFunctioningPreventive Measures14-19Categorize each of the following behaviors as a first, second, or third level of prevention.1st 2nd 3rd Apply Your KnowledgeTuberculin skin testMonthly self-breast examAdopting healthy eating habitsAnnual mammogramsBladder retraining programs1st 2nd ANSWER: GOOD!14-20The Patient Information PacketBenefits of the information packetImproves relationships between the office and patientsSimple, inexpensive, and effective mediumProvides important information about office policies and staff rolesExcellent marketing toolAll materials should be written at a sixth-grade level14-21ContentsIntroduction to the officePhysician’s qualificationsDescription of the practiceIntroduction to the office staffOffice hoursAppointment schedulingThe Patient Information Packet (cont.)14-22Contents Telephone policy Payment policies Insurance policies Patient confidentiality  statement Other informationThe Patient Information Packet (cont.)14-23Distribution of Patient Information PacketPatients must receive and read the information packet in order for the materials to be effectiveHand the packet to new patients and review the contents with themMail the packet to patients prior to the initial visit if time permitsKeep additional copies available in the office where patients can access them easily For patients with special concerns, pictures and charts may be needed to communicate the information14-24The Patient Information Packet: Special ConcernsPatients who cannot read well or cannot speak or understand English Use pictures and chartsTranslations Family or friends may be able to read it to themMatch learning materials to patient needs and level of understanding14-25Following their office visit, several patients inquire about the credentials of the practitioner seeing them during the visit. How can this information be made available to the patients?Apply Your KnowledgeANSWER: Using a digital camera or other device, take photos of office personnel and place the photos with their credentials in the office content packet.IMPRESSIVE!14-26Educating Patients with Special Needs Elderly patientsShow respectPut information in writingAdjust procedures as needed when limitations are present14-27Educating Patients with Special Needs (cont.)Patients with mental impairmentsUse tact and empathySpeak at the patient’s level of understandingCommon conditions Dementia Alzheimer’s disease Emotional problems Drug addiction Developmentally delayed14-28Educating Patients with Special Needs (cont.) Patients with hearing impairmentsThe ability to hear is not a measure of intelligence Patients with visual impairmentsUse normal tone of voiceVerify that all verbal instructions have been heard correctly Multicultural issuesPatients from diverse cultures may have different beliefs about the causes and treatments of their illness.14-29Apply Your KnowledgeThe medical assistant needs to instruct Mrs. Lorenzo, who is hearing impaired, about obtaining a urine specimen. What should the MA remember concerning patients with hearing impairments?ANSWER: When instructing Mrs. Lorenzo, the medical assistant should talk in a quiet room and face Mrs. Lorenzo so she can see the MA’s mouth. The MA should speak a little louder and clearly but not shout at her. The MA should have Mrs. Lorenzo repeat the instructions to verify understanding.GOOD ANSWER!14-30Patient Education Prior to SurgeryThe Role of the Medical AssistantEducationalLegalInformed ConsentPreoperative InstructionsPostoperative Instructions14-31Benefits of Preoperative Education Increases patients’ overall satisfaction Reduces patient anxiety and fear Reduces use of pain medication Reduces complications following surgery Reduces recovery timePatient Education Prior to Surgery (cont.)14-32Types of Preoperative TeachingFactualSensoryParticipatoryInforms patient of specific details about the procedure and needed restrictions before and/or after surgeryProvides the patient with descriptions of various sensations they may feel during the procedureIncludes explanations and demonstrations of certain techniques required after surgery. Patients are allowed to provide a return demonstration of the technique to validate understanding and technique accuracy.Patient Education Prior to Surgery (cont.)14-33Patient Education Prior to Surgery (cont.)Using anatomical modelsA visual representation helps patients better understand what will take placeHelping patients relieve anxietyAllow extra time for patients to grasp information Use positive words when possibleHave family members present14-34Patient Education Prior to Surgery (cont.)Verifying patient understandingHave patients explain to you in their own words their understanding of what has been taughtUse return demonstrations to validate understanding of procedural instructionsProvide a contact number14-35Apply Your KnowledgeDescribe the types of patient education.ANSWER: The three types of patient education are:Factual–Informs patients of specific details about a procedure and needed restrictions before and/or after surgery.Sensory–Provides patients with descriptions of various sensations that may be felt during the procedure.Participatory–Includes explanations and demonstrations of certain techniques required after surgery and requires that patients perform a return demonstration of the technique to validate understanding and technique accuracy.Right Answer!14-36Additional Educational Resources LibrariesPublic librariesHospital patient resource rooms Computer resourcesOnline servicesCD-ROMs14-37Additional Educational Resources (cont.) Community resourcesNursing home careVisiting nurses’ careCounselingRehabilitation AssociationsAmerican Cancer SocietyAmerican Diabetes AssociationAmerican Heart AssociationNote: These outside resources may be used by office personnel or patients to obtain educational information.14-38Apply Your KnowledgeList resources that are available to provide patient education materials.ANSWER: Community resources for patient education include libraries and patient resource rooms, computer resources, community resources such as home health, and health-related associations such as the AHA.Correct!14-39In Summary14.1 Educated patients take a more active role in their medical care. Office personnel will spend less time on the telephone.14.2 Medical assistants play a vital role in patient education because of their interaction with patients. They can share vital information with their clients.14.3 Factors that affect teaching and learning include patient ability to read and understand, patient educational needs, and teaching materials available.14-40In Summary (cont.)14.4 The types of patient education materials that are in medical offices are brochures, booklets, fact sheets, newsletters and community-assistance directories.14.5 Patient education promotes healthy habits by teaching patients the importance of developing healthy habits such as eating properly and exercising regularly.14-41In Summary (cont.)14.6 The contents of the patient’s information packet should include an introduction to the medical office, the physician’s qualifications, a description of the practice; an introduction to staff, office hours, appointment scheduling, telephone policies, payment and insurance policies, a confidentiality statement, and other pertinent information.14.7 Educating patients with special needs takes patience. Approach each case separately and understand each patient’s situation and point of view.14-42In Summary (cont.)14.8 Educating patients prior to surgery is vital to a successful outcome through instructing them on proper procedures before surgery. The types of preoperative teaching methods are factual, sensory, and participatory.14.9 Additional educational resources in the medical facility can consist of patient resource rooms and libraries, computer resources, and community resources that are provided by the office.14-43Apprehension, uncertainty, waiting, expectation, fear of surprise, do a patient more harm than any exertion.~ Florence Nightingale End of Chapter 14