Tài liệu Kế Toán - Kiểm Toán

Most organizations use multiple inputs to produce their output. For example, Massachusetts General Hospital uses a combination of registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nurse’s aides to provide nursing care to patients. Bethlehem Steel Company uses a combination of iron ore and other raw materials to make its product. A mix variance ...

28 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 26/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 704 | Lượt tải: 0

Typical implications for developing good incentive plans include: developing incentive methods that provide rewards for both accurate forecasts and good performance. rewards that are positively related to forecasted sales to give incentives to forecast high rather than low. additional rewards for employees who beat the forecast and penalties f...

29 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 26/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 476 | Lượt tải: 0

Investments in computer-integrated manufacturing are often difficult because of difficulties in applying discounted cash flow methods Hurdle rate too high Should be cost of capital Bias toward incremental projects Uncertainty about operating cash flows Exclusion of benefits that are difficult to quantify More flexibility Shorter cycle and l...

29 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 26/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 499 | Lượt tải: 0

JIT is a philosophy, not a tool, that dovetails with total quality management (TQM) in that TQM requires reliable processing systems and disallows defective units. Flexible manufacturing that reduces both setup and inventory levels also enhances JIT.

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Can separate total costs into fixed and variable Cost and revenue behavior is linear. Implies the following in the relevant range Total fixed costs do not change Variable costs per unit remain constant Selling price per unit remains constant Product mix remains constant over relevant range

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In general, more sophisticated methods provide more accurate cost estimates than simpler ones. Methods of simplification are Using only one cost driver Assuming cost behavior patterns are linear within the relevant range Assume cost decreases are not “sticky”

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Break-even time Ignores cash flows after break-even point Does not consider strategic, nonfinancial reasons for new product Varies from one business to next, depending on product life cycles and investment requirements.

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Ciudad Juarez factory makes 2 products: mountain bikes and racing bikes. 1,000 mountain bikes and 200 racing bikes will be produced. Direct materials include Frames: $100 per mountain bikes and $200 per racing bike Direct labor: $30 per mountain bike and $60 per racing bike Overhead, allocated by activity costs

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JIT inventory methods attempt to obtain materials just in time for production or sale Reduces/eliminates inventory and carrying costs Leads to immediate correction of defective units Helps expose production problems Relies on high-quality materials, production Charges all costs directly to cost of goods sold

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Sarbanes-Oxley Act Passed in the aftermath of the Enron scandal Includes Making CEOs and CFOs sign and accept responsibility for financial statements Making CEOs and CFOs responsible for the company’s system of internal controls Creating the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board to oversee public auditors

26 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 26/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 460 | Lượt tải: 0