First, the fiscal policy presents the crowding-in effects in emerging market economies in the period of 2002-2014. This result confirms the important role of fiscal policy in the case of emerging market economies, it is also consistence with our arguments and theory of Keynesian views. In fact, the emerging market economies present with the low...
17 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 520 | Lượt tải: 0
Conclusion and policy implications This study examines the causal linkage between electricity consumption and gross domestic product (GDP) in Bangladesh. In this regard, along with two control variables (per capita government spending and trade openness), the study used essential econometric techniques to comprehend the source and direction of ...
14 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 497 | Lượt tải: 0
Results We report results estimating the effect of debt relief on measures of physical capital investment, human capital investment, employment, and standard of living. Investment is broken down into two different measures: gross fixed capital formation and FDI. Gross fixed capital formation is a measure of physical capital investment. FDI mea...
19 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 492 | Lượt tải: 0
Limitations and future research This study, however, is subject to several limitations. First, this cross-sectional study does not take into consideration the possibility that the cause and effect relationships between the research variables may involve certain time lags. For example, participating in strategic decision making will not immediat...
17 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 515 | Lượt tải: 0
Conclusion and recommendation This research studies the effects of public investment on Vietnam’s economic growth and private investment in both short and long terms during the period of 1990-2016 by a ARDL model. The findings indicate that public investment in Vietnam in the past period does affect economic growth in an inverted-U shape effect...
18 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 577 | Lượt tải: 0
At the country level, it is worth analysing why my results show a significant relationship between the proportion of independent board members and CSR disclosure in the Japanese context, but remain inconclusive in the USA one. According to García-Sánchez et al. (2015), the effect of having independent members on the board is conditioned by the s...
19 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 569 | Lượt tải: 0
Conclusion This paper examines the impacts of fiscal policy, namely, net tax and government expenditure on national saving and its nonlinearity. The empirical model bases on a reduced-form equation with national saving as a dependent variable, lagged value of national saving, output gap and fiscal policy as independent variables. Various model ...
13 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 584 | Lượt tải: 0
Conclusion and future research The target of this paper is to explore the evolution of weak-form market efficiency and the joint impacts of thin trading, structural breaks and inflation on long memory of return and volatility in the GEM in Hong Kong during 2003–2017. Various econometric techniques and models were employed for the empirical anal...
16 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 625 | Lượt tải: 0
Conclusion In this paper, we review and discuss the issue of fiscal sustainability, using a fiscal reaction function as the cornerstone of our empirical analysis. The problems of cross-section dependence and heterogeneity were controlled in our study by employing Pesaran (2006)’s CCEMG estimator. Focusing on a macro-panel data of 22 developing...
15 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 544 | Lượt tải: 0
Conclusions The extant literature shows that independent directors are an effective mechanism to reduce the agency problem in firm decisions and operating performance. However, there has been no research on the role of independent directors in corporate investment policy. In this paper, we argue that board independence can help firms reduce man...
12 trang | Chia sẻ: hachi492 | Ngày: 15/01/2022 | Lượt xem: 609 | Lượt tải: 0
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