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GDRs are similar to ADRs but differ in that they are generally traded on two or more markets outside of the foreign issuer’s home market sold in the U.S. through private placement market (Under Rule 144A) to qualified institutional buyers Allow foreign companies to raise capital in multiple markets and broaden their investor base As of 2001...
20 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 517 | Lượt tải: 0
Suppose the yields on government bonds in the U.S., Mexico, and Pakistan are 4%, 7%, and 9%. A U.S. multinational firm is considering an investment in Mexico or Pakistan. The domestic discount rate is 12%. What are the discount rates for Mexico and Pakistan using the sovereign risk premium method? Mexico Cost of Capital = .12 + (.07-.04)=.15 P...
21 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 688 | Lượt tải: 0
Facebook is evaluating an investment in a new venture. The investment costs $900M today and is expected to return FCFs of $100M next year. FCF growth in years 2 and 3 is 15%, and 3% in year 4. What is the NPV of the project if the WACC is 12% and the FCF exit multiple is 10?
26 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 630 | Lượt tải: 0
Measuring the Competitive exposure to an exchange rate change is very difficult. You must estimate: Nominal exchange rate changes Interest rates, inflation rates, government intervention, supply and demand shocks, geo-political-economic risk Relative Inflation Price Flexibility (Yours and competitors) Cost Flexibility (Yours and competitors)
21 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 574 | Lượt tải: 0
Can summarize the total risk of a corporation’s exposure to currency revaluations Use exposure netting Accounts for expected variability of exchange rates More volatile exchange rates create larger exposure measures Can be used to make probabilistic statements Can be scaled across time by using the sqrt(t)
19 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 555 | Lượt tải: 0
I. FASB NO. 8 in effect until 1981 A. Used Temporal translation method B. Dissatisfaction with FASB No. 8 because “true” profitability often disguised by exchange rate profit volatility II. FASB NO. 52 adopted in 1981 - Most translation gains or losses to bypass income statement. - New FASB 52 Distinction: Functional v. Reporting currency d...
20 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 577 | Lượt tải: 0
Option valuation is a very difficult problem because the value depends on the option strike, option maturity, spot price, interest rates, and the volatility of the underlying exchange rates All of these factors are observable except volatility. Volatility is often estimated using the standard deviation of prior years exchange rate changes Higher ...
23 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 558 | Lượt tải: 0
What is your USD profit if you short 5 swissie forwards at $1.1245 and the swissie is selling for $1.2232 or $1.0833 at maturity. Each contract is for 125,000 Swiss francs. St=1.2242; Profit=(F-St)Q=(1.1245-1.2232)*5*125000=-$61,687.50 St=1.0833; Profit=(F-St)Q=(1.1245-1.0833)*5*125000=$25,750 What is your USD profit if you long 3 yen forwards a...
24 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 548 | Lượt tải: 0
Suppose the spot Mexican peso is P12.5 – P12.6 and one year forward market is 12.8-12.9. Mexican investing and borrowing interest rates are 8-10%. U.S. investing and borrowing interest rates are 1-3%. The Mexican CDS market rate is 150bps-175bps. What are your USD CIA profits without a CDS borrowing $100,000 in the U.S. and investing pesos? What is...
22 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 602 | Lượt tải: 0
Annual interest rates in Argentina and the United States are 15% and 5%, respectively. What is the expected appreciation of the Argentina dollar in one year, five years, and ten years? 1-year Arg app = e1,($/A$)/e0($/A$) -1 = (1+r$)/(1+rA$)– 1 = 1.05/1.15-1 =-8.7%; 5-year = (1.05/1.15)^5 - 1 =-36.5%; 10-year = (1.05/1.15)^10 - 1 =-59.7% The ...
22 trang | Chia sẻ: huyhoang44 | Ngày: 27/03/2020 | Lượt xem: 552 | Lượt tải: 0
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